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Graph neural networks (GNNs) have been applied to a large variety of applications in materials science and chemistry. Here, we recapitulate the graph construction for crystalline (periodic) materials and investigate its impact on the GNNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Robin Ruff , Patrick Reiser , Jan Stühmer , Pascal Friederich

The graph structure is a commonly used data storage mode, and it turns out that the low-dimensional embedded representation of nodes in the graph is extremely useful in various typical tasks, such as node classification, link prediction ,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2020-08-03 Xing Li , Wei Wei , Xiangnan Feng , Xue Liu , Zhiming Zheng

Structural features are important features in a geometrical graph. Although there are some correlation analysis of features based on covariance, there is no relevant research on structural feature correlation analysis with graph neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Jiaqing Xie , Rex Ying

Despite the tremendous success of graph-based learning systems in handling structural data, it has been widely investigated that they are fragile to adversarial attacks on homophilic graph data, where adversaries maliciously modify the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Yulin Zhu , Yuni Lai , Xing Ai , Wai Lun LO , Gaolei Li , Jianhua Li , Di Tang , Xingxing Zhang , Mengpei Yang , Kai Zhou

Recently, neural network based approaches have achieved significant improvement for solving large, complex, graph-structured problems. However, their bottlenecks still need to be addressed, and the advantages of multi-scale information and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-10 Sitao Luan , Mingde Zhao , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

We demonstrate that graphs embedded on surfaces are a powerful and practical tool to generate, characterize and simulate networks with a broad range of properties. Remarkably, the study of topologically embedded graphs is non-restrictive…

Other Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-03-19 Tomaso Aste , Ruggero Gramatica , T. Di Matteo

Accurate prediction of molecular properties underpins drug discovery and material design, yet even state-of-the-art models remain vulnerable to localized failure modes that aggregate metrics cannot detect. The places where molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Di Hu , Kun Li , Haojie Rao , Longtao Hu , Jiameng Chen , Wenbin Hu , Yizhen Zheng , Jiajun Yu , Duanhua Cao

Recent studies on Graph Neural Networks(GNNs) provide both empirical and theoretical evidence supporting their effectiveness in capturing structural patterns on both homophilic and certain heterophilic graphs. Notably, most real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Haitao Mao , Zhikai Chen , Wei Jin , Haoyu Han , Yao Ma , Tong Zhao , Neil Shah , Jiliang Tang

Node embeddings act as the information interface for graph neural networks, yet their empirical impact is often reported under mismatched backbones, splits, and training budgets. This paper provides a controlled benchmark of embedding…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Nouhaila Innan , Antonello Rosato , Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Shafique

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been widely employed for feature representation learning in molecular graphs. Therefore, it is crucial to enhance the expressiveness of feature representation to ensure the effectiveness of GNNs. However, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-16 Chengyu Yao , Hong Huang , Hang Gao , Fengge Wu , Haiming Chen , Junsuo Zhao

Graph embeddings have emerged as a powerful tool for representing complex network structures in a low-dimensional space, enabling the use of efficient methods that employ the metric structure in the embedding space as a proxy for the…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Radosław Nowak , Adam Małkowski , Daniel Cieślak , Piotr Sokół , Paweł Wawrzyński

Graph embeddings have become a key and widely used technique within the field of graph mining, proving to be successful across a broad range of domains including social, citation, transportation and biological. Graph embedding techniques…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-21 Stephen Bonner , Ibad Kureshi , John Brennan , Georgios Theodoropoulos , Andrew Stephen McGough , Boguslaw Obara

Molecular "fingerprints" encoding structural information are the workhorse of cheminformatics and machine learning in drug discovery applications. However, fingerprint representations necessarily emphasize particular aspects of the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-08-26 Steven Kearnes , Kevin McCloskey , Marc Berndl , Vijay Pande , Patrick Riley

Graph are a ubiquitous data representation, as they represent a flexible and compact representation. For instance, the 3D structure of RNA can be efficiently represented as $\textit{2.5D graphs}$, graphs whose nodes are nucleotides and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Vincent Mallet , Carlos G. Oliver , William L. Hamilton

Graph-level representations are crucial tools for characterising structural differences between graphs. However, comparing graphs with different cardinalities, even when sampled from the same underlying distribution, remains challenging.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Katharina Limbeck , Nadja Häusermann , Martin Carrasco , Guy Wolf , Bastian Rieck

Pairs of similar compounds that only differ by a small structural modification but exhibit a large difference in their binding affinity for a given target are known as activity cliffs (ACs). It has been hypothesised that quantitative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-25 Markus Dablander , Thierry Hanser , Renaud Lambiotte , Garrett M. Morris

In recent years, graph-based machine learning techniques, such as reinforcement learning and graph neural networks, have garnered significant attention. While some recent studies have started to explore the relationship between the graph…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Yash Arya , Sang Hoon Lee

Efficiently processing structured point cloud data while preserving multiscale information is a key challenge across domains, from graphics to atomistic modeling. Using a curated dataset of simulated galaxy positions and properties,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Julia Balla , Siddharth Mishra-Sharma , Carolina Cuesta-Lazaro , Tommi Jaakkola , Tess Smidt

Graph analytics can lead to better quantitative understanding and control of complex networks, but traditional methods suffer from high computational cost and excessive memory requirements associated with the high-dimensionality and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Mengjia Xu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have led to state-of-the-art performance on a variety of machine learning tasks such as recommendation, node classification and link prediction. Graph neural network models generate node embeddings by merging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-04 Yunpeng Weng , Xu Chen , Liang Chen , Wei Liu