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Large language model-based agents are rapidly evolving from simple conversational assistants into autonomous systems capable of performing complex, professional-level tasks in various domains. While these advancements promise significant…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are revolutionizing Software Engineering (SE) by introducing innovative methods for tasks such as collecting requirements, designing software, generating code, and creating test cases, among others. This article…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-05-06 Malik Abdul Sami , Zeeshan Rasheed , Muhammad Waseem , Zheying Zhang , Tomas Herda , Pekka Abrahamsson

The rapid evolution of Large Language Models (LLM) and subsequent Agentic AI technologies requires systematic architectural guidance for building sophisticated, production-grade systems. This paper presents an approach for architecting such…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zoran Milosevic , Fethi Rabhi

The rapid advancement of intelligent agents and Large Language Models (LLMs) is reshaping the pervasive computing field. Their ability to perceive, reason, and act through natural language understanding enables autonomous problem-solving in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Gianni Molinari , Fabio Ciravegna

As AI becomes more "agentic," it faces technical and socio-legal issues it must address if it is to fulfill its promise of increased economic productivity and efficiency. This paper uses technical and legal perspectives to explain how…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Mark O. Riedl , Deven R. Desai

The remarkable capabilities of Large Language Model (LLM)-driven agents have enabled sophisticated systems to tackle complex, multi-step tasks, but their escalating costs threaten scalability and accessibility. This work presents the first…

The emergence of Large Language Model (LLM) agents enables us to build agent-based intelligent systems that move beyond the role of a "tool" to become genuine collaborators with humans, thereby realizing a novel human-agent collaboration…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Bingsheng Yao , Chaoran Chen , April Yi Wang , Sherry Tongshuang Wu , Toby Jia-jun Li , Dakuo Wang

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has driven novel applications across diverse domains, with LLM-based agents emerging as a crucial area of exploration. This survey presents a comprehensive analysis of LLM-based agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Ke Chen , Peiran Wang , Yaoning Yu , Xianyang Zhan , Haohan Wang

Agentic Artificial Intelligence (AI) represents a paradigm shift from reactive systems to proactive, autonomous decision making frameworks. Existing AI-based educational systems remain fragmented and lack multi-level integration across…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Arya Mary K J , Deepthy K Bhaskar , Sinu T S , Binu V P

The Web of Agents (WoA) transforms the document-centric Web into an environment of autonomous agents acting on users' behalf, a vision newly tractable as large language models (LLMs) mature. We argue that across three decades the WoA has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Tatiana Petrova , Boris Bliznioukov , Aleksandr Puzikov , Radu State

This study investigates large language model (LLM) -based multi-agent systems (MASs) as a promising approach to inventory management, which is a key component of supply chain management. Although these systems have gained considerable…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Konosuke Yoshizato , Kazuma Shimizu , Ryota Higa , Takanobu Otsuka

Recently, using Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate optimization models from natural language descriptions has became increasingly popular. However, a major open question is how to validate that the generated models are correct and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Alexander Zadorojniy , Segev Wasserkrug , Eitan Farchi

Large language models (LLMs) have moved far beyond their initial form as simple chatbots, now carrying out complex reasoning, planning, writing, coding, and research tasks. These skills overlap significantly with those that human scientists…

With the recent development of natural language generation models - termed as large language models (LLMs) - a potential use case has opened up to improve the way that humans interact with robot assistants. These LLMs should be able to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2024-11-27 Mitchell Rosser , Marc. G Carmichael

Agentic AI systems powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) as their foundational reasoning engine, are transforming clinical workflows such as medical report generation and clinical summarization by autonomously analyzing sensitive…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-08 Subash Neupane , Sudip Mittal , Shahram Rahimi

Agent-technologies have been used for higher-level decision making in addition to carrying out lower-level automation and control functions in industrial systems. Recent research has identified a number of architectural patterns for the use…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Stamatis Karnouskos , Roopak Sinha , Paulo Leitão , Luis Ribeiro , Thomas. I. Strasser

Large Language Models (LLMs) are transforming artificial intelligence, evolving into task-oriented systems capable of autonomous planning and execution. One of the primary applications of LLMs is conversational AI systems, which must…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-22 Elad Levi , Ilan Kadar

Contemporary evaluation techniques are inadequate for agentic systems. These approaches either focus exclusively on final outcomes -- ignoring the step-by-step nature of agentic systems, or require excessive manual labour. To address this,…

With the rapid advancement of large models (LMs), the development of general-purpose intelligent agents powered by LMs has become a reality. It is foreseeable that in the near future, LM-driven general AI agents will serve as essential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yuntao Wang , Yanghe Pan , Zhou Su , Yi Deng , Quan Zhao , Linkang Du , Tom H. Luan , Jiawen Kang , Dusit Niyato

This paper surveys the development of large language model (LLM)-based agents for question answering (QA). Traditional agents face significant limitations, including substantial data requirements and difficulty in generalizing to new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Murong Yue