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Although Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in reasoning and generation for language tasks, they are not specifically designed for multimodal challenges. Training Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), however, is resource-intensive and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuqi Pang , Bowen Yang , Haoqin Tu , Yun Cao , Zeyu Zhang

Large visual language models (VLMs) have shown strong multi-modal medical reasoning ability, but most operate as end-to-end black boxes, diverging from clinicians' evidence-based, staged workflows and hindering clinical accountability.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Yuexi Du , Jinglu Wang , Shujie Liu , Nicha C. Dvornek , Yan Lu

We introduce VMMU, a Vietnamese Multitask Multimodal Understanding and Reasoning Benchmark designed to evaluate how vision-language models (VLMs) interpret and reason over visual and textual information beyond English. VMMU consists of 2.5k…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Vy Tuong Dang , An Vo , Emilio Villa-Cueva , Quang Tau , Duc Dm , Thamar Solorio , Daeyoung Kim

Deriving inference from heterogeneous inputs (such as images, text, and audio) is an important skill for humans to perform day-to-day tasks. A similar ability is desirable for the development of advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shailaja Keyur Sampat , Mutsumi Nakamura , Shankar Kailas , Kartik Aggarwal , Mandy Zhou , Yezhou Yang , Chitta Baral

Recent advances in large language models elicit reasoning in a chain-of-thought that allows models to decompose problems in a human-like fashion. Though this paradigm improves multi-step reasoning ability in language models, it is limited…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-24 Daniel Rose , Vaishnavi Himakunthala , Andy Ouyang , Ryan He , Alex Mei , Yujie Lu , Michael Saxon , Chinmay Sonar , Diba Mirza , William Yang Wang

When MLLMs fail at Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) visual reasoning, a fundamental question arises: is it due to perceptual deficiencies or reasoning limitations? Through systematic scaling analysis that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Tongkun Guan , Zhibo Yang , Jianqiang Wan , Mingkun Yang , Zhengtao Guo , Zijian Hu , Ruilin Luo , Ruize Chen , Songtao Jiang , Peng Wang , Wei Shen , Junyang Lin , Xiaokang Yang

Video coding, which targets to compress and reconstruct the whole frame, and feature compression, which only preserves and transmits the most critical information, stand at two ends of the scale. That is, one is with compactness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-19 Ling-Yu Duan , Jiaying Liu , Wenhan Yang , Tiejun Huang , Wen Gao

Molecular Vibe Coding, a paradigm where chemists interact with LLMs to generate executable programs for molecular tasks, has emerged as a flexible alternative to chemical agents with predefined tools, enabling chemists to express…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Jiatong Li , Yuxuan Ren , Weida Wang , Changmeng Zheng , Xiao-yong Wei , Qing Li , Yatao Bian

We introduce NVLM 1.0, a family of frontier-class multimodal large language models (LLMs) that achieve state-of-the-art results on vision-language tasks, rivaling the leading proprietary models (e.g., GPT-4o) and open-access models (e.g.,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Wenliang Dai , Nayeon Lee , Boxin Wang , Zhuolin Yang , Zihan Liu , Jon Barker , Tuomas Rintamaki , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bryan Catanzaro , Wei Ping

Generative Vision-Language Models (VLMs) perform well on multimodal reasoning, but how visual inputs are transformed to text remains poorly understood. Existing interpretability work on VLMs uses Sparse Autoencoders (SAEs), which decompose…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Dimitrios Damianos , Leon Voukoutis , Georgios Skyrianos , Vassilis Katsouros , Georgios Paraskevopoulos

Agentic vision-language models are increasingly trained to "think with images" by calling image operations. However, we show that high final-answer accuracy often hides unfaithful visual reasoning: models may invoke tools on irrelevant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Xinhai Hou , Shaoyuan Xu , Manan Biyani , Moyan Li , Jia Liu , Todd C. Hollon , Bryan Wang

Multimodal large language models (LLMs) have made rapid progress in visual understanding, yet their extension from images to videos often reduces to a naive concatenation of frame tokens. In this work, we investigate what video finetuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Ruiqi Yang , Tian Yun , Zihan Wang , Ellie Pavlick

Despite strong performance in visual understanding and language-based reasoning, Vision-Language Models (VLMs) struggle with tasks requiring integrated perception and symbolic computation. We study this limitation through visual equation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Monjoy Narayan Choudhury , Junling Wang , Yifan Hou , Mrinmaya Sachan

Large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved impressive progress in vision-language understanding, yet they face limitations in real-world applications requiring complex reasoning over a large number of images. Existing benchmarks for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Jun Chen , Dannong Xu , Junjie Fei , Chun-Mei Feng , Mohamed Elhoseiny

Recent advances in Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have improved performance in multi-modal learning, raising the question of whether these models truly understand the content they process. Crucially, can VLMs detect when a reasoning process…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yang Shi , Yifeng Xie , Minzhe Guo , Liangsi Lu , Mingxuan Huang , Jingchao Wang , Zhihong Zhu , Boyan Xu , Zhiqi Huang

Generative AI has transformed the fields of Design and Manufacturing by providing efficient and automated methods for generating and modifying 3D objects. One approach involves using Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate Computer- Aided…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Kamel Alrashedy , Pradyumna Tambwekar , Zulfiqar Zaidi , Megan Langwasser , Wei Xu , Matthew Gombolay

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated significant capabilities in joint visual and linguistic tasks. However, existing Visual Question Answering (VQA) benchmarks often fail to evaluate deep semantic understanding,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 A. Alfarano , L. Venturoli , D. Negueruela del Castillo

Despite the remarkable progress of Vision-Language Models (VLMs) in adopting "Thinking-with-Images" capabilities, accurately evaluating the authenticity of their reasoning process remains a critical challenge. Existing benchmarks mainly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Xuchen Li , Xuzhao Li , Renjie Pi , Shiyu Hu , Jian Zhao , Jiahui Gao

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising capabilities in generating Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) via direct code synthesis. However, existing paradigms typically adopt an open-loop "blind drawing" approach, where…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Guotao Liang , Zhangcheng Wang , Juncheng Hu , Haitao Zhou , Ziteng Xue , Jing Zhang , Dong Xu , Qian Yu

Code completion, a key downstream task in code generation, is one of the most frequent and impactful methods for enhancing developer productivity in software development. As intelligent completion tools evolve, we need a robust evaluation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Zhenyu Pan , Rongyu Cao , Yongchang Cao , Yingwei Ma , Binhua Li , Fei Huang , Han Liu , Yongbin Li