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The paper studies information-theoretic opacity, an information-flow privacy property, in a setting involving two agents: A planning agent who controls a stochastic system and an observer who partially observes the system states. The goal…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-20 Chongyang Shi , Yuheng Bu , Jie Fu

Qualitative opacity of a secret is a security property, which means that a system trajectory satisfying the secret is observation-equivalent to a trajectory violating the secret. In this paper, we study how to synthesize a control policy…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Sumukha Udupa , Jie Fu

In this work, we investigate the synthesis of dynamic information releasing mechanisms, referred to as ''masks'', to minimize information leakage from a stochastic system to an external observer. Specifically, for a stochastic system, an…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-18 Sumukha Udupa , Chongyang Shi , Jie Fu

We consider a hidden Markov model with multiple observation processes, one of which is chosen at each point in time by a policy---a deterministic function of the information state---and attempt to determine which policy minimises the…

Probability · Mathematics 2015-03-17 James Y. Zhao

This paper investigates an important class of information-flow security property called opacity for stochastic control systems. Opacity captures whether a system's secret behavior (a subset of the system's behavior that is considered to be…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-29 Siyuan Liu , Xiang Yin , Dimos V. Dimarogonas , Majid Zamani

Opacity is a generic security property, that has been defined on (non probabilistic) transition systems and later on Markov chains with labels. For a secret predicate, given as a subset of runs, and a function describing the view of an…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-09-02 Béatrice Bérard , Krishnendu Chatterjee , Nathalie Sznajder

This paper studies the synthesis of an active perception policy that maximizes the information leakage of the initial state in a stochastic system modeled as a hidden Markov model (HMM). Specifically, the emission function of the HMM is…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-26 Chongyang Shi , Shuo Han , Michael Dorothy , Jie Fu

Covert planning refers to a class of constrained planning problems where an agent aims to accomplish a task with minimal information leaked to a passive observer to avoid detection. However, existing methods of covert planning often…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Haoxiang Ma , Chongyang Shi , Shuo Han , Michael R. Dorothy , Jie Fu

Opacity is an information flow property characterizing whether a system reveals its secret to a passive observer. Several notions of opacity have been introduced in the literature. We study the notions of language-based opacity,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-29 Jiří Balun , Tomáš Masopust

Suppose an agent is in a (possibly unknown) Markov Decision Process in the absence of a reward signal, what might we hope that an agent can efficiently learn to do? This work studies a broad class of objectives that are defined solely as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Elad Hazan , Sham M. Kakade , Karan Singh , Abby Van Soest

This paper investigates an important informationflow security property called opacity in partially-observed discrete-event systems. We consider the presence of a passive intruder (eavesdropper) that knows the dynamic model of the system and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-28 Shuo Yang , Xiang Yin

In this paper, we investigate a class of information-flow security properties called opacity in partial-observed discrete-event systems. Roughly speaking, a system is said to be opaque if the intruder, which is modeled by a passive…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-01 Bohan Cui , Xiang Yin , Shaoyuan Li , Alessandro Giua

Opacity is a property expressing whether a system may reveal its secret to a passive observer (an intruder) who knows the structure of the system but has a limited observation of its behavior. Several notions of opacity have been studied,…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-07 Jiří Balun , Tomáš Masopust

In this paper, we propose a policy gradient method for confounded partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with continuous state and observation spaces in the offline setting. We first establish a novel identification result…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-04 Mao Hong , Zhengling Qi , Yanxun Xu

Continuous-time Markov decision processes are an important class of models in a wide range of applications, ranging from cyber-physical systems to synthetic biology. A central problem is how to devise a policy to control the system in order…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-06-01 Ezio Bartocci , Luca Bortolussi , Tomǎš Brázdil , Dimitrios Milios , Guido Sanguinetti

This paper studies the synthesis of a joint control and active perception policy for a stochastic system modeled as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP), subject to temporal logic specifications. The POMDP actions…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-21 Chongyang Shi , Michael R. Dorothy , Jie Fu

Reinforcement learning algorithms typically rely on the assumption that the environment dynamics and value function can be expressed in terms of a Markovian state representation. However, when state information is only partially observable,…

Policy gradient methods are among the most effective methods in challenging reinforcement learning problems with large state and/or action spaces. However, little is known about even their most basic theoretical convergence properties,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-16 Alekh Agarwal , Sham M. Kakade , Jason D. Lee , Gaurav Mahajan

In decision-making problems, the actions of an agent may reveal sensitive information that drives its decisions. For instance, a corporation's investment decisions may reveal its sensitive knowledge about market dynamics. To prevent this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-04-17 Parham Gohari , Matthew Hale , Ufuk Topcu

Opacity is an information flow property that captures the notion of plausible deniability in dynamic systems, that is whether an intruder can deduce that "secret" behavior has occurred. In this paper we provide a general framework of…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-05-10 Andrew Wintenberg , Matthew Blischke , Stéphane Lafortune , Necmiye Ozay
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