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Chart understanding is a quintessential information fusion task, requiring the seamless integration of graphical and textual data to extract meaning. The advent of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has revolutionized this domain, yet…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Zhihang Yi , Jian Zhao , Jiancheng Lv , Tao Wang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have made remarkable strides in reasoning tasks, yet their performance often falters on novel and complex problems. Domain-specific continued pretraining (CPT) methods, such as those tailored for mathematical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Qifan Zhang , Nuo Chen , Zehua Li , Miao Peng , Jing Tang , Jia Li

Recent advances in large Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have exhibited strong reasoning capabilities on complex visual tasks by thinking with images in their Chain-of-Thought (CoT), which is achieved by actively invoking tools to analyze…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Wenhao Yang , Yu Xia , Jinlong Huang , Shiyin Lu , Qing-Guo Chen , Zhao Xu , Weihua Luo , Kaifu Zhang , Yuanyu Wan , Lijun Zhang

Understanding the contents of multimodal documents is essential to accurately extract relevant evidence and use it for reasoning. Existing document understanding models tend to generate answers with a single word or phrase directly,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Jinxu Zhang

Automated chart summarization is crucial for enhancing data accessibility and enabling efficient information extraction from visual data. While recent advances in visual-language models (VLMs) have demonstrated promise, existing methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Raymond Choi , Frank Burns , Chase Lawrence

The success of large language models (LLMs) depends heavily on large-scale, high-quality instruction-following and reinforcement datasets. However, generating such data through human annotation is prohibitively time-consuming particularly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Chenhua Shi , Gregor Macdonald , Bhavika Jalli , Wanlu Lei , John Zou , Mridul Jain , Joji Philip

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting along with sub-question generation and answering has enhanced multi-step reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs). However, prompting the LLMs to directly generate sub-questions is suboptimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Jinyoung Park , Ameen Patel , Omar Zia Khan , Hyunwoo J. Kim , Joo-Kyung Kim

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly prominent in academia and industry due to their remarkable performance in diverse applications. As these models evolve with increasing parameters, they excel in tasks like sentiment…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Le Chen , Arijit Bhattacharjee , Nesreen K. Ahmed , Niranjan Hasabnis , Gal Oren , Bin Lei , Ali Jannesari

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with knowledge-intensive tasks due to hallucinations and fragmented reasoning over dispersed information. While Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) grounds generation in external sources, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Cheng-Yen Li , Xuanjun Chen , Claire Lin , Wei-Yu Chen , Wenhua Nie , Hung-Yi Lee , Jyh-Shing Roger Jang

Large language models (LLMs) commonly struggle with specialized or emerging topics which are rarely seen in the training corpus. Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (GraphRAG) addresses this by structuring domain knowledge as a graph…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhefan Wang , Huanjun Kong , Jie Ying , Wanli Ouyang , Nanqing Dong

Automated chart design has seen significant advancements with the emergence of Large-Language Models (LLMs), which offer a practical solution for generating charts. However, LLMs frequently introduce possibly critical design failures, such…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Yao Wang , Jiarong Pan , Danqing Shi , Zhiming Hu , Antti Oulasvirta , Andreas Bulling

This paper addresses the challenge of comprehending very long contexts in Large Language Models (LLMs) by proposing a method that emulates Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG) through specialized prompt engineering and chain-of-thought…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Joon Park , Kyohei Atarashi , Koh Takeuchi , Hisashi Kashima

Recent multimodal LLMs have shown promise in chart-based visual question answering, but their performance declines sharply on unannotated charts-those requiring precise visual interpretation rather than relying on textual shortcuts. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Rachneet Kaur , Nishan Srishankar , Zhen Zeng , Sumitra Ganesh , Manuela Veloso

While Multimodal Large Language Models have achieved human-like performance on many visual and textual reasoning tasks, their proficiency in fine-grained spatial understanding, such as route tracing on maps remains limited. Unlike humans,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Artemis Panagopoulou , Aveek Purohit , Achin Kulshrestha , Soroosh Yazdani , Mohit Goyal

Charts are common in literature across various scientific fields, conveying rich information easily accessible to readers. Current chart-related tasks focus on either chart perception that extracts information from the visual charts, or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Renqiu Xia , Haoyang Peng , Hancheng Ye , Mingsheng Li , Xiangchao Yan , Peng Ye , Botian Shi , Yu Qiao , Junchi Yan , Bo Zhang

Chart question answering (CQA) has become a critical multimodal task for evaluating the reasoning capabilities of vision-language models. While early approaches have shown promising performance by focusing on visual features or leveraging…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jingxuan Wei , Nan Xu , Junnan Zhu , Yanni Hao , Gaowei Wu , Bihui Yu , Lei Wang

Legal dispute analysis is crucial for intelligent legal assistance systems. However, current LLMs face significant challenges in understanding complex legal concepts, maintaining reasoning consistency, and accurately citing legal sources.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Mingda Zhang , Na Zhao , Jianglong Qing , Qing xu , Kaiwen Pan , Ting luo

Multi-Modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance in various VQA tasks. However, they often lack interpretability and struggle with complex visual inputs, especially when the resolution of the input image is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Hao Shao , Shengju Qian , Han Xiao , Guanglu Song , Zhuofan Zong , Letian Wang , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li

Despite significant advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), developing advanced reasoning capabilities in LLMs remains a key challenge. Process Reward Models (PRMs) have demonstrated exceptional promise in enhancing reasoning by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Miao Peng , Nuo Chen , Zongrui Suo , Jia Li

Chart understanding requires models to effectively analyze and reason about numerical data, textual elements, and complex visual components. Our observations reveal that the perception capabilities of existing large vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Junteng Liu , Weihao Zeng , Xiwen Zhang , Yijun Wang , Zifei Shan , Junxian He
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