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The emergence of Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAVs) promises better traffic mobility for future transportation systems. Existing research mostly focused on fully-autonomous scenarios, while the potential of CAV control at a mixed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-04-26 Chaoyi Chen , Jiawei Wang , Qing Xu , Jianqiang Wang , Keqiang Li

In this paper, we present an optimal control framework to address motion coordination of connected automated vehicles (CAVs) in the presence of human-driven vehicles (HDVs) in merging scenarios. Our framework combines an unconstrained…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-08 Viet-Anh Le , Hao M. Wang , Gabor Orosz , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

Urban traffic congestion, particularly at intersections, significantly affects travel time, fuel consumption, and emissions. Traditional fixed-time signal control systems often lack the adaptability to effectively manage dynamic traffic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Saahil Mahato

Traffic congestion remains a significant challenge in modern urban networks. Autonomous driving technologies have emerged as a potential solution. Among traffic control methods, reinforcement learning has shown superior performance over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Songyang Liu , Muyang Fan , Weizi Li , Jing Du , Shuai Li

The development of autonomous vehicles has shown great potential to enhance the efficiency and safety of transportation systems. However, the decision-making issue in complex human-machine mixed traffic scenarios, such as unsignalized…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Jiaqi Liu , Peng Hang , Xiaoxiang Na , Chao Huang , Jian Sun

Applying reinforcement learning to autonomous driving entails particular challenges, primarily due to dynamically changing traffic flows. To address such challenges, it is necessary to quickly determine response strategies to the changing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-12 Se-Wook Yoo , Chan Kim , Jin-Woo Choi , Seong-Woo Kim , Seung-Woo Seo

Accurate multi-vehicle trajectory prediction in expressway merge and diverge areas is fundamental to the decision-making frameworks of autonomous vehicle systems. However, the majority of existing graph-based prediction models are developed…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-05-14 Eni Solomon Laughter

The rapid development of cyber-physical systems is driving a transition toward mixed traffic environments comprising both human-driven and connected and automated vehicles (CAVs). This shift presents a unique opportunity to leverage the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Filippos N. Tzortzoglou , Pengbo Zhu , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

The upgrading and updating of vehicles have accelerated in the past decades. Out of the need for environmental friendliness and intelligence, electric vehicles (EVs) and connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) have become new components of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-07 Xia Jiang , Jian Zhang , Xiaoyu Shi , Jian Cheng

Over the years, reinforcement learning has emerged as a popular approach to develop signal control and vehicle platooning strategies either independently or in a hierarchical way. However, jointly controlling both in real-time to alleviate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Xianyue Peng , Shenyang Chen , Hang Gao , Hao Wang , H. Michael Zhang

The rapid adoption of autonomous vehicle has established mixed traffic environments, comprising both autonomous and human-driven vehicles (HDVs), as essential components of next-generation mobility systems. Along these lines, connectivity…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Filippos Tzortzoglou , Logan E. Beaver

Connected and autonomous vehicles (CAVs) possess the capability of perception and information broadcasting with other CAVs and connected intersections. Additionally, they exhibit computational abilities and can be controlled strategically,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Maziar Zamanpour , Suiyi He , Michael W. Levin , Zongxuan Sun

In this paper, we present a hierarchical framework that integrates upper-level routing with low-level optimal trajectory planning for connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) traveling in an urban network. The upper-level controller…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-14 Panagiotis Typaldos , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

The recent advancements in wireless technology enable connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) to gather information about their environment by vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. In this work, we design an information-sharing-based…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Songyang Han , Shanglin Zhou , Jiangwei Wang , Lynn Pepin , Caiwen Ding , Jie Fu , Fei Miao

Since the traffic administration at road intersections determines the capacity bottleneck of modern transportation systems, intelligent cooperative coordination for connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) has shown to be an effective solution.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Donglin Li , Tingting Zhang , Jiping Luo , Tianhao Liang , Bin Cao , Xuanli Wu , Qinyu Zhang

The implementation of connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technologies enables a novel computational framework for real-time control actions aimed at optimizing energy consumption and associated benefits. Several research efforts reported…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Liuhui Zhao , Andreas A. Malikopoulos , Jackeline Rios-Torres

In this letter, we present an approach for learning human driving behavior, without relying on specific model structures or prior distributions, in a mixed-traffic environment where connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) coexist with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-03-12 Heeseung Bang , Aditya Dave , Andreas A. Malikopoulos

This paper considers optimal traffic signal control in smart cities, which has been taken as a complex networked system control problem. Given the interacting dynamics among traffic lights and road networks, attaining controller adaptivity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Yao Zhang , Zhiwen Yu , Jun Zhang , Liang Wang , Tom H. Luan , Bin Guo , Chau Yuen

The integration of automated vehicles (AVs) into transportation systems presents an unprecedented opportunity to enhance road safety and efficiency. However, understanding the interactions between AVs and human-driven vehicles (HVs) at…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Saeed Rahmani , Zhenlin Xu , Simeon C. Calvert , Bart van Arem

The erratic nature of human driving tends to trigger undesired waves that amplify as successive driver reactions propagate from the errant vehicle to vehicles upstream. Known as phantom jams, this phenomenon has been identified in the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-19 Yujie Li , Sikai Chen , Paul Young Joun Ha , Jiqian Dong , Aaron Steinfeld , Samuel Labi