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Open quantum systems are a topic of intense theoretical research. The use of master equations to model a system's evolution subject to an interaction with an external environment is one of the most successful theoretical paradigms. General…

We shall revisit the conventional adiabatic or Markov approximation, which --contrary to the semiclassical case-- does not preserve the positive-definite character of the corresponding density matrix, thus leading to highly non-physical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 David Taj , Rita Claudia Iotti , Fausto Rossi

We derive an exact master equation that captures the dynamics of a quadratic quantum system linearly coupled to a Gaussian environment of the same statistics: the Gaussian Master Equation (GME). Unlike previous approaches, our formulation…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-21 Antonio D'Abbruzzo , Vittorio Giovannetti , Vasco Cavina

By modeling the interaction of an open quantum system with its environment through a natural generalization of the classical concept of continuous time random walk, we derive and characterize a class of non-Markovian master equations whose…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-01-31 Adrián A. Budini

This work is concerned with determination of the steady-state structure of time-independent Lindblad master equations, especially those possessing more than one steady state. The approach here is to treat Lindblad systems as generalizations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-02-24 Victor V. Albert , Liang Jiang

This is a concise, pedagogical introduction to the dynamic field of open quantum systems governed by Markovian master equations. We focus on the mathematical and physical origins of the widely used Lindblad equation, its unraveling in terms…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-05 Shovan Dutta

Quantum master equations are an invaluable tool to model the dynamics of a plethora of microscopic systems, ranging from quantum optics and quantum information processing, to energy and charge transport, electronic and nuclear spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-10 Francesco Campaioli , Jared H. Cole , Harini Hapuarachchi

The evolution of the reduced density operator $\rho$ of Brownian particle is discussed in single collision approach valid typically in low density gas environments. This is the first succesful derivation of quantum friction caused by {\it…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2009-10-22 Lajos Diosi

We derive a new perturbative quantum master equation for the reduced density matrix of a system interacting with an environment (with a dense spectrum of energy levels). The total system energy (system plus environment) is constant and…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Massimiliano Esposito , Pierre Gaspard

The propagation of a fast particle in a low-density gas at thermal equilibrium is studied in the context of quantum mechanics. A quantum master equation in the Redfield form governing the reduced density matrix of the particle is derived…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-20 David Gaspard

We derive the general form of a master equation describing the interaction of an arbitrary multipartite quantum system, consisting of a set of subsystems, with an environment, consisting of a large number of sub-envirobments. Each subsystem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-28 Vittorio Giovannetti , G. Massimo Palma

Both quantum information features and irreversible quantum evolution of the models arising in physical systems in one-particle approximation are discussed. It is shown that the calculation of the reduced density matrix and entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-21 A. E. Teretenkov

We show that an open fermionic system coupled to continuous environment with unitary system-environment evolution can be exactly mapped onto an auxiliary system consisting of the physical fermion system and a set of discrete fermionic modes…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-12-19 Feng Chen , Enrico Arrigoni , Michael Galperin

The quantum master equation required to describe the dynamics of gravity-related vacuum decay is still challenging. We aim to study this issue. Our model consists of the spacetime and scalar field with self-interaction potential. The…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-10-03 Hong Wang , Jin Wang

In the presence of quantum measurements with direct photon detection the evolution of open quantum systems is usually described by stochastic master equations with jumps. Heuristically, from these equations one can obtain diffusion models…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-05-13 Clement Pellegrini , Francesco Petruccione

Markovian master equations, often called Liouvillians or Lindbladians, are used to describe decay and decoherence of a quantum system induced by that system's environment. While a natural environment is detrimental to fragile quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-05 Victor V. Albert

The evolution of a continuous time Markov process with a finite number of states is usually calculated by the Master equation - a linear differential equations with a singular generator matrix. We derive a general method for reducing the…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2012-07-19 Daniel Soudry , Ron Meir

By exploiting the peculiarities of a recently introduced formalism for describing open quantum systems (the Parametric Representation with Environmental Coherent States) we derive an equation of motion for the reduced density operator of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-23 Giovanni Spaventa , Paola Verrucchi

A relevant problem in the theory of open quantum systems is the lack of complete positivity of dynamical maps obtained after weak-coupling approximations, a famous example being the Redfield master equation. A number of approaches exist to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-15 Antonio D'Abbruzzo , Donato Farina , Vittorio Giovannetti

Markovian open quantum systems are governed by the Lindblad master equation where the dissipation contains two parts, i.e., the anti-Hermitian operator and the quantum jumps, which share a common dissipation rate. We generalize the Lindblad…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-11 Xu-Ke Gu , Li-Zhou Tan , Franco Nori , J. Q. You