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This paper presents a novel Stochastic Optimal Control (SOC) method based on Model Predictive Path Integral control (MPPI), named Stein Variational Guided MPPI (SVG-MPPI), designed to handle rapidly shifting multimodal optimal action…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Kohei Honda , Naoki Akai , Kosuke Suzuki , Mizuho Aoki , Hirotaka Hosogaya , Hiroyuki Okuda , Tatsuya Suzuki

This paper presents a reactive navigation method that leverages a Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control enhanced with spline interpolation for the control input sequence and Stein Variational Gradient Descent (SVGD). The MPPI…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-04-17 Takato Miura , Naoki Akai , Kohei Honda , Susumu Hara

We generalize the derivation of model predictive path integral control (MPPI) to allow for a single joint distribution across controls in the control sequence. This reformation allows for the implementation of adaptive importance sampling…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-02 Dylan M. Asmar , Ransalu Senanayake , Shawn Manuel , Mykel J. Kochenderfer

Classical proportional--integral--derivative (PID) control is widely employed in industrial applications; however, achieving higher performance often motivates the adoption of model predictive control (MPC). Although gradient-based methods…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-01 Teruki Kato , Koshi Oishi , Seigo Ito

Traditional approaches to motion modeling for skid-steer robots struggle with capturing nonlinear tire-terrain dynamics, especially during high-speed maneuvers. In this paper, we tackle such nonlinearities by enhancing a dynamic unicycle…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Ananya Trivedi , Sarvesh Prajapati , Anway Shirgaonkar , Mark Zolotas , Taskin Padir

We present a sampling-based control approach that can generate smooth actions for general nonlinear systems without external smoothing algorithms. Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has been utilized in numerous robotic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Taekyung Kim , Gyuhyun Park , Kiho Kwak , Jihwan Bae , Wonsuk Lee

The success of the model predictive path integral control (MPPI) approach depends on the appropriate selection of the input distribution used for sampling. However, it can be challenging to select inputs that satisfy output constraints in…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-08-16 Leon , Yan , Santosh Devasia

Model predictive path integral (MPPI) is a sampling-based method for solving complex model predictive control (MPC) problems, but its real-time implementation faces two key challenges: the computational cost and sample requirements grow…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-03 Viet-Anh Le , Renukanandan Tumu , Rahul Mangharam

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) is a popular sampling-based Model Predictive Control (MPC) algorithm for nonlinear systems. It optimizes trajectories by sampling control sequences and averaging them. However, a key issue with MPPI is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-22 Edvin Martin Andrejev , Amith Manoharan , Karl-Eerik Unt , Arun Kumar Singh

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control has emerged as a powerful sampling-based optimal control method for complex, nonlinear, and high-dimensional systems. However, directly applying MPPI to legged robotic systems presents several…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-06 Chuyuan Tao , Fanxin Wang , Haolong Jiang , Jia He , Yiyang Chen , Qinglei Bu

This work presents an optimal sampling-based method to solve the real-time motion planning problem in static and dynamic environments, exploiting the Rapid-exploring Random Trees (RRT) algorithm and the Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI)…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-01-31 Chuyuan Tao , Hunmin Kim , Naira Hovakimyan

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a widely used sampling-based method for trajectory optimization, yet its convergence properties remain only partially understood. This paper provides a direct convergence analysis using…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-25 Mahyar Fazlyab , Sina Sharifi , Jiarui Wang

In this paper, we open up new avenues for visual servoing systems built upon the Path Integral (PI) optimal control theory, in which the non-linear partial differential equation (PDE) can be transformed into an expectation over all possible…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Ihab S. Mohamed

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a sampling-based optimization method that has recently attracted attention, particularly in the robotics and reinforcement learning communities. MPPI has been widely applied as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-26 Hannes Homburger , Katrin Baumgärtner , Moritz Diehl , Johannes Reuter

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a type of sampling-based model predictive control that simulates thousands of trajectories and uses these trajectories to synthesize optimal controls on-the-fly. In practice, however, MPPI…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-24 Ji Yin , Charles Dawson , Chuchu Fan , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Sampling-based model predictive control (MPC) is effective for nonlinear systems but often produces non-smooth control inputs due to random sampling. To address this issue, we extend the model predictive path integral (MPPI) framework with…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-08 Markus Walker , Marcel Reith-Braun , Tai Hoang , Gerhard Neumann , Uwe D. Hanebeck

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control, Reinforcement Learning (RL), and Diffusion Models have each demonstrated strong performance in trajectory optimization, decision-making, and motion planning. However, these approaches have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yankai Li , Mo Chen

This paper presents a novel control approach for autonomous systems operating under uncertainty. We combine Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control with Covariance Steering (CS) theory to obtain a robust controller for general…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Ji Yin , Zhiyuan Zhang , Evangelos Theodorou , Panagiotis Tsiotras

Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) control is a widely used sampling-based approach for real-time control, valued for its flexibility in handling arbitrary dynamics and cost functions. However, it often suffers from high-frequency noise…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-04 Piotr Kicki

Sampling-based controllers, such as Model Predictive Path Integral (MPPI) methods, offer substantial flexibility but often suffer from high variance and low sample efficiency. To address these challenges, we introduce a hybrid…

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