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Recent studies point out that quantum effects, referred to as "memory burden", may slow down the evaporation of black holes. As a result, a population of light primordial black holes could potentially survive to the present day, thus…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-03-17 Marco Chianese , Andrea Boccia , Fabio Iocco , Gennaro Miele , Ninetta Saviano

We derive robust constraints on the initial abundance of evaporating primordial black holes (PBHs) using the reionization history of the Universe as a cosmological probe. We focus on PBHs that inject electromagnetic (EM) energy into the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-02-11 Ziwen Yin , Hanyu Cheng , Luca Visinelli

Non-cold dark matter particles can arise from the evaporation of primordial black holes (PBHs). In this paper, we further investigate how the memory-burden effect, which delays the full evaporation of black holes, affects the Lyman-$\alpha$…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-02 Valentin Thoss , Laura Lopez-Honorez , Florian Kühnel , Marco Hufnagel

We investigate constraints on the least explored, smallest mass scales of primordial black holes (PBHs), which evaporate prior to Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). Our study examines the impact of Planck-mass relics on the allowed fraction of…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-06-23 Amirah Aljazaeri , Christian T. Byrnes

We explore the impact of the back-reaction of evaporation on the quantum state of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs), known as ``memory burden", on the baryon asymmetry production in the Universe through high-scale leptogenesis. Focusing on PBH…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-04-07 Roberta Calabrese , Marco Chianese , Ninetta Saviano

We study the impact of quantum gravitational memory burden - a backreaction effect that suppresses black hole evaporation - on neutrino signals from primordial black holes (PBHs). This suppression, modeled via a parameter k, reduces the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-31 Arnab Chaudhuri , Koushik Pal , Rukmani Mohanta

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) provide a powerful probe of early-universe physics, linking inflationary fluctuations to observable cosmological phenomena. In this work, we use a bottom-up approach to study how PBHs with masses in the range…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2026-03-03 Tianning Wang , Evan Grohs , Laura Mersini-Houghton

The possibility that the dark matter comprises primordial black holes (PBHs) is considered, with particular emphasis on the currently allowed mass windows at $10^{16}$ - $10^{17}\,$g, $10^{20}$ - $10^{24}\,$g and $1$ - $10^{3}\,M_{\odot}$.…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-03-23 Bernard Carr , Florian Kuhnel , Marit Sandstad

Primordial black holes (PBHs) might be formed in the early Universe and could comprise at least a fraction of the dark matter. Using the recently released GWTC-2 dataset from the third observing run of the LIGO-Virgo Collaboration, we…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-02-03 Kaze W. K. Wong , Gabriele Franciolini , Valerio De Luca , Vishal Baibhav , Emanuele Berti , Paolo Pani , Antonio Riotto

The essence of the \textit{memory burden} effect is that a load of information carried by a system stabilizes it. This universal effect is especially prominent in systems with a high capacity of information storage, such as black holes and…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2024-06-03 Gia Dvali , Juan Sebastián Valbuena-Bermúdez , Michael Zantedeschi

We investigate the scenario in which primordial black holes (PBHs) with masses Mpbh < 10^9 g undergo Hawking evaporation, around the Big-Bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) epoch. The evaporation process modifies the Universe's expansion rate and…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-06 Andrea Boccia , Fabio Iocco , Luca Visinelli

We explore the possibility of explaining the observed dark matter (DM) relic abundance, along with matter-antimatter asymmetry, entirely from the evaporation of primordial black holes (PBH) beyond the semi-classical approximation. We find…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-08-21 Basabendu Barman , Md Riajul Haque , Óscar Zapata

Mounting evidence suggests that the semi-classical description of a black hole breaks down at the latest after losing an O(1) fraction of its mass. As a result, effects such as memory burden can slow down evaporation so that small…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-11 Will Barker , Benjamin Gladwyn , Sebastian Zell

We study the formation of asteroid-mass Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) as a dark matter candidate in supersymmetric extensions of the Standard Model. We show that the presence of heavy particles predicted in the Minimal Supersymmetric…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-04-30 Andrea Boccia , Marco Chianese

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are a promising candidate for dark matter, as they can form in the very early universe without invoking new particle physics. This work explores PBH formation within a curvaton scenario featuring an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2025-02-21 Bing-Yu Su , Nan Li , Lei Feng

Ultra-low mass primordial black holes (PBH), briefly dominating the expansion of the universe, would leave detectable imprints in the secondary stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB). Such a scenario leads to a characteristic…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-25 Nilanjandev Bhaumik , Md Riajul Haque , Rajeev Kumar Jain , Marek Lewicki

We update the constraints on the fraction of the Universe that may have gone into primordial black holes (PBHs) over the mass range $10^{-5}\text{--}10^{50}$ g. Those smaller than $\sim 10^{15}$ g would have evaporated by now due to Hawking…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2021-12-22 Bernard Carr , Kazunori Kohri , Yuuiti Sendouda , Jun'ichi Yokoyama

In this paper, we revisit the evaporation and accretion of primordial black holes (PBHs) during cosmic history and compare them to see if both of these processes are constantly active for PBHs or not. Our calculations indicate that during…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-27 Seyed Sajad Tabasi , Javad T. Firouzjaee

Possible influence of primordial black hole (PBH) evaporations on cosmic microwave background (CMB) is investigated. The spectrum distortions of CMB from the black-body spectrum are described by the chemical potential $\mu$ and the Compton…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 Hiroyuki Tashiro , Naoshi Sugiyama

Primordial black holes (PBHs) are theorized to form from the collapse of overdensities in the very early Universe. PBHs in the asteroid-mass range $10^{17} \, {\rm g}\lesssim M \lesssim 10^{23} \, {\rm g}$ could serve as all or most of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-03-19 Alexandra P. Klipfel , David I. Kaiser