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Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) empowers large language models (LLMs) to utilize external knowledge sources. The increasing capacity of LLMs to process longer input sequences opens up avenues for providing more retrieved information,…
Large language model-based agents make mistakes, yet critique can often guide the same model toward correct behavior. However, when critique is removed, the model may fail again on the same query, indicating that it has not internalized the…
Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful tool for tackling control problems, but its practical application is often hindered by the complexity arising from intricate reward functions with multiple terms. The reward hypothesis…
Reinforcement learning (RL) depends critically on the choice of reward functions used to capture the de- sired behavior and constraints of a robot. Usually, these are handcrafted by a expert designer and represent heuristics for relatively…
Despite recent progress in Large Language Model (LLM) Agents for Software Engineering (SWE) tasks, end-to-end fine-tuning typically relies on verifiable terminal rewards such as whether all unit tests pass. While these binary signals…
Conventional Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms, typically focused on estimating or maximizing expected returns, face challenges when refining offline pretrained models with online experiences. This paper introduces Generative Actor…
Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have underscored the potential of Reinforcement Learning (RL) to facilitate the emergence of reasoning capabilities. Despite the encouraging results, a fundamental dilemma persists as RL…
Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as an effective paradigm for improving the reasoning capability of vision-language models (VLMs). However, RL-based optimization typically depends on costly high-quality annotations that are difficult…
To improve policy robustness of deep reinforcement learning agents, a line of recent works focus on producing disturbances of the environment. Existing approaches of the literature to generate meaningful disturbances of the environment are…
Large language model alignment via reinforcement learning depends critically on reward function quality. However, static, domain-specific reward models are often costly to train and exhibit poor generalization in out-of-distribution…
Steering language generation towards objectives or away from undesired content has been a long-standing goal in utilizing language models (LM). Recent work has demonstrated reinforcement learning and weighted decoding as effective…
Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has improved the reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) by using rule-based binary feedback. However, current RLVR methods typically assign the same reward to every token.…
Reinforcement learning (RL) has emerged as a powerful method for improving the reasoning abilities of large language models (LLMs). Outcome-based RL, which rewards policies solely for the correctness of the final answer, yields substantial…
Reinforcement learning (RL) is a promising approach for solving robotic manipulation tasks. However, it is challenging to apply the RL algorithms directly in the real world. For one thing, RL is data-intensive and typically requires…
Deep reinforcement learning has recently made significant progress in solving computer games and robotic control tasks. A known problem, though, is that policies overfit to the training environment and may not avoid rare, catastrophic…
Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training is a critical stage in modern language model development, playing a key role in improving alignment and reasoning ability. However, several phenomena remain poorly understood, including the…
Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities in multi-step reasoning and problem-solving.Recent works introduce multi-agent reflection frameworks where multiple LLM agents critique and refine each other's outputs using…
Addressing the critical need for robust safety in Large Language Models (LLMs), particularly against adversarial attacks and in-distribution errors, we introduce Reinforcement Learning with Backtracking Feedback (RLBF). This framework…
For reinforcement learning (RL), it is challenging for an agent to master a task that requires a specific series of actions due to sparse rewards. To solve this problem, reverse curriculum generation (RCG) provides a reverse expansion…
Reinforcement learning (RL) has driven recent breakthroughs in large language models (LLMs), especially for tasks where rewards can be computed automatically, such as code generation. However, it is less effective in open-ended medical…