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The dialogue systems in customer services have been developed with neural models to provide users with precise answers and round-the-clock support in task-oriented conversations by detecting customer intents based on their utterances.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Yu-Chien Tang , Wei-Yao Wang , An-Zi Yen , Wen-Chih Peng

Persuasion games are fundamental in economics and AI research and serve as the basis for important applications. However, work on this setup assumes communication with stylized messages that do not consist of rich human language. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-03 Maya Raifer , Guy Rotman , Reut Apel , Moshe Tennenholtz , Roi Reichart

We study the problem of agent selection in causal strategic learning under multiple decision makers and address two key challenges that come with it. Firstly, while much of prior work focuses on studying a fixed pool of agents that remains…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Kiet Q. H. Vo , Muneeb Aadil , Siu Lun Chau , Krikamol Muandet

Algorithms are used to aid human decision makers by making predictions and recommending decisions. Currently, these algorithms are trained to optimize prediction accuracy. What if they were optimized to control final decisions? In this…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Ruqing Xu , Sarah Dean

Strategic recommendations (SR) refer to the problem where an intelligent agent observes the sequential behaviors and activities of users and decides when and how to interact with them to optimize some long-term objectives, both for the user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-17 Georgios Theocharous , Yash Chandak , Philip S. Thomas , Frits de Nijs

Persuasion, as one of the crucial abilities in human communication, has garnered extensive attention from researchers within the field of intelligent dialogue systems. We humans tend to persuade others to change their viewpoints, attitudes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Mengqi Chen , Bin Guo , Hao Wang , Haoyu Li , Qian Zhao , Jingqi Liu , Yasan Ding , Yan Pan , Zhiwen Yu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

Choosing suitable psychometric scales is an essential and difficult step in psychological consultation, which requires clinicians to integrate patient information, behaviors, and dynamic contextual information. Existing systems mainly use…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Yanzeng Li , Xiaoning Cao , Jialun Zhong , Jianpeng Hu , Jiangshan Tan , Ningning Liu , Feng Xiang , Shasha Han

Online, people often recount their experiences turning to conversational AI agents (e.g., ChatGPT, Claude, Copilot) for mental health support -- going so far as to replace their therapists. These anecdotes suggest that AI agents have great…

Multi-agent debate often wastes compute by using a fixed adversarial stance, aggregating without deliberation, or stopping on heuristics. We introduce MACI, an active controller with two independent dials that decouple information from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Edward Y. Chang , Ethan Y. Chang

While multi-agent debate has been proposed as a promising strategy for improving AI reasoning ability, we find that debate can sometimes be harmful rather than helpful. Prior work has primarily focused on debates within homogeneous groups…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Andrea Wynn , Harsh Satija , Gillian Hadfield

Inspired by the dual-process theory of human cognition, we introduce DUMA, a novel conversational agent framework that embodies a dual-mind mechanism through the utilization of two generative Large Language Models (LLMs) dedicated to fast…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Xiaoyu Tian , Liangyu Chen , Na Liu , Yaxuan Liu , Wei Zou , Kaijiang Chen , Ming Cui

Task-oriented proactive dialogue agents play a pivotal role in recruitment, particularly for steering conversations towards specific business outcomes, such as acquiring social-media contacts for private-channel conversion. Although…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhiyong Cao , Dunqiang Liu , Qi Dai , Haojun Xu , Huaiyan Xu , Huan He , Yafei Liu , Siyuan Liu , XiaoLin Lin , Ke Ma , Ruqian Shi , Sijia Yao , Hao Wang , Sicheng Zhou

Previous research into agent communication has shown that a pre-trained guide can speed up the learning process of an imitation learning agent. The guide achieves this by providing the agent with discrete messages in an emerged language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-12-12 Benjamin Kolb , Leon Lang , Henning Bartsch , Arwin Gansekoele , Raymond Koopmanschap , Leonardo Romor , David Speck , Mathijs Mul , Elia Bruni

In a classical optimal stopping problem in continuous time, the agent can choose any stopping time without constraint. Dupuis and Wang (Optimal stopping with random intervention times, Advances in Applied Probability, 34, 141--157, 2002)…

Probability · Mathematics 2019-01-23 David Hobson , Matthew Zeng

To train a statistical spoken dialogue system (SDS) it is essential that an accurate method for measuring task success is available. To date training has relied on presenting a task to either simulated or paid users and inferring the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-08-17 Pei-Hao Su , David Vandyke , Milica Gasic , Dongho Kim , Nikola Mrksic , Tsung-Hsien Wen , Steve Young

We consider the issue of multiple agents learning to communicate through reinforcement learning within partially observable environments, with a focus on information asymmetry in the second part of our work. We provide a review of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-14 Mohamed Salah Zaïem , Etienne Bennequin

Chatbots via large language models (LLMs) generate fluent responses but often struggle with when to speak, especially for brief, timely listener reactions during ongoing dialogue. We present a multimodal strategy for LLMs, which leverages…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zikai Liao , Yi Ouyang , Yi-Lun Lee , Chen-Ping Yu , Yi-Hsuan Tsai , Zhaozheng Yin

When communicating, people behave consistently across conversational roles: People understand the words they say and are able to produce the words they hear. To date, artificial agents developed for language tasks have lacked such symmetry,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Charles Lovering , Ellie Pavlick

We present a novel model for capturing the behavior of an agent exhibiting sunk-cost bias in a stochastic environment. Agents exhibiting sunk-cost bias take into account the effort they have already spent on an endeavor when they evaluate…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Jon Kleinberg , Sigal Oren , Manish Raghavan , Nadav Sklar