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Accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding affinities is an essential challenge in structure-based drug design. Despite recent advances in data-driven methods for affinity prediction, their accuracy is still limited, partially because…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-04 Yaosen Min , Ye Wei , Peizhuo Wang , Xiaoting Wang , Han Li , Nian Wu , Stefan Bauer , Shuxin Zheng , Yu Shi , Yingheng Wang , Ji Wu , Dan Zhao , Jianyang Zeng

Accurate identification of interactions between protein residues and ligand functional groups is essential to understand molecular recognition and guide rational drug design. Existing deep learning approaches for protein-ligand…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Phuc Pham , Viet Thanh Duy Nguyen , Truong-Son Hy

Protein (receptor)--ligand interaction prediction is a critical component in computer-aided drug design, significantly influencing molecular docking and virtual screening processes. Despite the development of numerous scoring functions in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-01-22 Haoyu Lin , Shiwei Wang , Jintao Zhu , Yibo Li , Jianfeng Pei , Luhua Lai

Predicting accurate protein-ligand binding affinity is important in drug discovery but remains a challenge even with computationally expensive biophysics-based energy scoring methods and state-of-the-art deep learning approaches. Despite…

The trade-off between predictive accuracy and data availability makes it difficult to predict protein--protein binding affinity accurately. The lack of experimentally resolved protein structures limits the performance of structure-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Wajid Arshad Abbasi , Syed Ali Abbas , Maryum Bibi , Saiqa Andleeb , Muhammad Naveed Akhtar

Empirical scoring functions based on either molecular force fields or cheminformatics descriptors are widely used, in conjunction with molecular docking, during the early stages of drug discovery to predict potency and binding affinity of a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-31 Joseph Gomes , Bharath Ramsundar , Evan N. Feinberg , Vijay S. Pande

Accurate estimation of mutational effects on protein-protein binding energies is an open problem with applications in structural biology and therapeutic design. Several deep learning predictors for this task have been proposed, but,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-07-09 Arthur Deng , Karsten Householder , Fang Wu , Sebastian Thrun , K. Christopher Garcia , Brian Trippe

Protein-ligand interactions (PLIs) are fundamental to biochemical research and their identification is crucial for estimating biophysical and biochemical properties for rational therapeutic design. Currently, experimental characterization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-01 Carter Knutson , Mridula Bontha , Jenna A. Bilbrey , Neeraj Kumar

Protein structure prediction is one of the most important problems in computational biology. The most successful computational approach, also called template-based modeling, identifies templates with solved crystal structures for the query…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2013-06-20 Jian Peng

Signaling proteins are an important topic in drug development due to the increased importance of finding fast, accurate and cheap methods to evaluate new molecular targets involved in specific diseases. The complexity of the protein…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-04-11 Carlos Fernandez-Lozano , Ruben F. Cuinas , Jose A. Seoane , Enrique Fernandez-Blanco , Julian Dorado , Cristian R. Munteanu

Protein-ligand structure prediction is an essential task in drug discovery, predicting the binding interactions between small molecules (ligands) and target proteins (receptors). Recent advances have incorporated deep learning techniques to…

Structure based ligand discovery is one of the most successful approaches for augmenting the drug discovery process. Currently, there is a notable shift towards machine learning (ML) methodologies to aid such procedures. Deep learning has…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-06-12 Marta M. Stepniewska-Dziubinska , Piotr Zielenkiewicz , Pawel Siedlecki

Protein-ligand scoring is a central component of structure-based drug design, underpinning molecular docking, virtual screening, and pose optimization. Conventional physics-based energy functions are often computationally expensive,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-24 Zhangfan Yang , Baoyun Chen , Dong Xu , Jia Wang , Ruibin Bai , Junkai Ji , Zexuan Zhu

The majority of machine learning scoring functions used in drug discovery for predicting protein-ligand binding poses and affinities have been trained on the PDBBind dataset. However, it is unclear whether these new scoring functions are…

Biological Physics · Physics 2026-01-13 Jie Li , Xingyi Guan , Oufan Zhang , Kunyang Sun , Yingze Wang , Dorian Bagni , Teresa Head-Gordon

Computational approaches to drug discovery can reduce the time and cost associated with experimental assays and enable the screening of novel chemotypes. Structure-based drug design methods rely on scoring functions to rank and predict…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-10-19 Matthew Ragoza , Joshua Hochuli , Elisa Idrobo , Jocelyn Sunseri , David Ryan Koes

Molecular docking, a key technique in structure-based drug design, plays pivotal roles in protein-ligand interaction modeling, hit identification and optimization, in which accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding mode is essential.…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-12-20 Jintao Zhu , Zhonghui Gu , Jianfeng Pei , Luhua Lai

To enhance the accuracy of protein-protein interaction function prediction, a 2-order graphic neighbor information feature extraction method based on undirected simple graph is proposed in this paper, which extends the 1-order graphic…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2012-07-19 Jingwei Liu

Improving the ability to predict protein function can potentially facilitate research in the fields of drug discovery and precision medicine. Technically, the properties of proteins are directly or indirectly reflected in their sequence and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-11-19 Runze Ma , Chengxin He , Huiru Zheng , Xinye Wang , Haiying Wang , Yidan Zhang , Lei Duan

Proteins are the basic building blocks of life. They usually perform functions by folding to a particular structure. Understanding the folding process could help the researchers to understand the functions of proteins and could also help to…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2015-10-21 Jianzhu Ma

Expanding the scope of graph-based, deep-learning models to noncovalent protein-ligand interactions has earned increasing attention in structure-based drug design. Modeling the protein-ligand interactions with graph neural networks (GNNs)…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-28 Hyeoncheol Cho , Eok Kyun Lee , Insung S. Choi
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