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Graph Neural Networks(GNNs) are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, where adversaries implant malicious triggers to manipulate model predictions. Existing trigger generators are often simplistic in structure and overly reliant on specific…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Dongyi Liu , Jiangtong Li

Today's text-to-image generative models are trained on millions of images sourced from the Internet, each paired with a detailed caption produced by Vision-Language Models (VLMs). This part of the training pipeline is critical for supplying…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-30 Stanley Wu , Ronik Bhaskar , Anna Yoo Jeong Ha , Shawn Shan , Haitao Zheng , Ben Y. Zhao

Learned Image Compression (LIC) has recently become the trending technique for image transmission due to its notable performance. Despite its popularity, the robustness of LIC with respect to the quality of image reconstruction remains…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-05 Yang Sui , Zhuohang Li , Ding Ding , Xiang Pan , Xiaozhong Xu , Shan Liu , Zhenzhong Chen

Large language models (LLMs) excel in various tasks but remain vulnerable to jailbreak attacks, where adversaries manipulate prompts to generate harmful outputs. Examining jailbreak prompts helps uncover the shortcomings of LLMs. However,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Weixiong Zheng , Peijian Zeng , Yiwei Li , Hongyan Wu , Nankai Lin , Junhao Chen , Aimin Yang , Yongmei Zhou

Recently, Deep Learning (DL), especially Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), develops rapidly and is applied to many tasks, such as image classification, face recognition, image segmentation, and human detection. Due to its superior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-12-13 Wenshuo Li , Jincheng Yu , Xuefei Ning , Pengjun Wang , Qi Wei , Yu Wang , Huazhong Yang

Recent developments in text-to-image models, particularly Stable Diffusion, have marked significant achievements in various applications. With these advancements, there are growing safety concerns about the vulnerability of the model that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Chenyu Zhang , Lanjun Wang , Anan Liu

The Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) introduces significant security challenges as resource-constrained devices become increasingly integrated into critical industrial processes. Existing security approaches typically address threats at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-24 Aymen Bouferroum , Valeria Loscri , Abderrahim Benslimane

Visual token compression is widely used to accelerate large vision-language models (LVLMs) by pruning or merging visual tokens, yet its adversarial robustness remains unexplored. We show that existing encoder-based attacks cannot fully…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xinwei Zhang , Hangcheng Liu , Li Bai , Hao Wang , Qingqing Ye , Tianwei Zhang , Haibo Hu

Adversarial examples, designed to trick Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) into producing wrong outputs, highlight vulnerabilities in these models. Exploring these weaknesses is crucial for developing defenses, and so, we propose a method to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-21 Inês Valentim , Nuno Antunes , Nuno Lourenço

Recently emerged Topological Deep Learning (TDL) methods aim to extend current Graph Neural Networks (GNN) by naturally processing higher-order interactions, going beyond the pairwise relations and local neighborhoods defined by graph…

Text-to-image (T2I) models can generate not-safe-for-work (NSFW) content, motivating multi-stage safety pipelines with both text and image filters. Newer LLM-based filters detect latent intent beyond keywords, making token-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Zixuan Chen , Hao Lin , Ke Xu , Xinghao Jiang , Tanfeng Sun

Training a high-performing neural decoder can be difficult when only limited data are available from a recording session. To address this challenge, we propose a Task-Conditioned Latent Alignment framework (TCLA) for cross-session neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Canyang Zhao , Bolin Peng , J. Patrick Mayo , Ce Ju , Bing Liu

Vision Transformer (ViT) is becoming widely popular in automating accurate disease diagnosis in medical imaging owing to its robust self-attention mechanism. However, ViTs remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks that may thwart the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-26 Neha A S , Vivek Chaturvedi , Muhammad Shafique

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) has emerged as a leading technique for efficiently fine-tuning text-to-image diffusion models, and its widespread adoption on open-source platforms has fostered a vibrant culture of model sharing and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Liangwei Lyu , Jiaqi Xu , Jianwei Ding , Qiyao Deng

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have advanced robotic control by enabling end-to-end decision-making directly from multimodal inputs. However, their tightly coupled architectures expose novel security vulnerabilities. Unlike traditional…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Xueyang Zhou , Guiyao Tie , Guowen Zhang , Hechang Wang , Pan Zhou , Lichao Sun

On-device Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have recently gained more attention due to the increasing computing power of the mobile devices and the number of applications in Computer Vision (CV), Natural Language Processing (NLP), and Internet of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-21 Yao Qiang , Supriya Tumkur Suresh Kumar , Marco Brocanelli , Dongxiao Zhu

During the last years, a remarkable breakthrough has been made in AI domain thanks to artificial deep neural networks that achieved a great success in many machine learning tasks in computer vision, natural language processing, speech…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-29 Boussad Addad , Jerome Kodjabachian , Christophe Meyer

Adversarial images pose a severe security threat to multimodal large language models through prompt injection. Existing defenses largely lack a principled understanding of the underlying mechanisms and struggle to balance efficiency and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Dongpeng Zhang , Ke Ma , Yangbangyan Jiang , Gaozheng Pei , Longtao Huang , Qianqian Xu , Qingming Huang

In the past two decades we have seen the popularity of neural networks increase in conjunction with their classification accuracy. Parallel to this, we have also witnessed how fragile the very same prediction models are: tiny perturbations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-25 Mark Beliaev , Payam Delgosha , Hamed Hassani , Ramtin Pedarsani

Large language models have become increasingly prominent, also signaling a shift towards multimodality as the next frontier in artificial intelligence, where their embeddings are harnessed as prompts to generate textual content.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Jiachen Sun , Changsheng Wang , Jiongxiao Wang , Yiwei Zhang , Chaowei Xiao
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