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A recurring problem in quantum mechanics is to estimate either the state of a quantum system or the measurement operator applied to it. If we wish to estimate both, then the difficulty is that the state and the measurement always appear…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-12 I. D. Moore , S. J. van Enk

Quantum state tomography (QST) is essential for validating quantum devices but suffers from exponential scaling in system size. Neural-network quantum states, such as Restricted Boltzmann Machines (RBMs), can efficiently parameterize…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-30 Simon Tonner , Viet T. Tran , Richard Kueng

Quantum Process Tomography (QPT) methods aim at identifying, i.e. estimating, a quantum process. QPT is a major quantum information processing tool, since it especially allows one to experimentally characterize the actual behavior of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-27 Yannick Deville , Alain Deville

Transmitting information about quantum states over classical noisy channels is an important problem with applications to science, computing, and sensing. This task, however, poses fundamental challenges due to the exponential scaling of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-08 Nikhitha Nunavath , Jiechen Chen , Osvaldo Simeone , Riccardo Bassoli , Frank H. P. Fitzek

Resource-efficient quantum state tomography is one of the key ingredients of future quantum technologies. In this work, we propose a new tomography protocol combining standard quantum state reconstruction methods with an attention-based…

Quantum state tomography (QST) is the gold standard technique for obtaining an estimate for the state of small quantum systems in the laboratory. Its application to systems with more than a few constituents (e.g. particles) soon becomes…

We present a tomographic protocol for the characterization of multiqubit quantum channels. We discuss a specific class of input states, for which the set of Pauli measurements at the output of the channel directly relates to its Pauli…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-01 Simone Roncallo , Lorenzo Maccone , Chiara Macchiavello

We review in a unified way a recently proposed method to detect properties of unknown quantum channels and lower bounds to quantum capacities, without resorting to full quantum process tomography. The method is based on the preparation of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-12-19 Chiara Macchiavello , Massimiliano F. Sacchi

Quantum state tomography (QST) via local measurements on reduced density matrices (LQST) is a promising approach but becomes impractical for large systems. To tackle this challenge, we developed an efficient quantum state tomography method…

Explicit mathematical reconstructions of quantum networks play a significant role in developing quantum information science. However, tremendous parameter requirements and physical constraint implementations have become computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-08-28 Ze-Tong Li , Xin-Lin He , Cong-Cong Zheng , Yu-Qian Dong , Tian Luan , Xu-Tao Yu , Zai-Chen Zhang

Quantum secret sharing is an encryption technique based on quantum mechanics, which utilizes uncertainty principle to achieve security in transmission. Most protocols focus on the study of quantum ($n,n$) or ($t,n$) threshold single secret…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-15 Rui-Hai Ma , Hui-Nan Chen , Bin-Bin Cai , Song Lin , Xiao-Chen Zhang

Accurate noise characterization in quantum gates and circuits is vital for the development of reliable quantum simulations for chemically relevant systems and fault-tolerant quantum computing. This paper reviews a variety of key…

Quantum state can be teleported to a remote site by only local measurement and classical communication if the prior Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen quantum channel is available between the sender and the receiver. Those quantum channels shared by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-05-16 Xi Chen , He-Ming Wang , Liang-Zhu Mu , Heng Fan

Quantum network coding is an effective solution for alleviating bottlenecks in quantum networks. We introduce a measurement-based quantum network coding scheme for quantum repeater networks (MQNC), and analyze its behavior based on results…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-07-04 Takaaki Matsuo , Takahiko Satoh , Shota Nagayama , Rodney Van Meter

Quantum ptychography is a method for estimating an unknown pure quantum state by subjecting it to overlapping projections, each one followed by a projective measurement on a single prescribed basis. Here, we present a comprehensive study of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-04 Warley M. S. Alves , Leonardo Neves

We introduce spectral quantum tomography, a simple method to extract the eigenvalues of a noisy few-qubit gate, represented by a trace-preserving superoperator, in a SPAM-resistant fashion, using low resources in terms of gate sequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-02-19 Jonas Helsen , Francesco Battistel , Barbara M. Terhal

This work investigates measurement strategies for link parameter estimation in Quantum Network Tomography (QNT), where network links are modeled as depolarizing quantum channels distributing Werner states. Three distinct measurement schemes…

Quantum sensing exploits quantum phenomena to enhance the detection and estimation of classical parameters of physical systems and biological entities, particularly so as to overcome the inefficiencies of its classical counterparts. A…

State preparation and measurement (SPAM) errors limit the performance of near-term quantum computers and their potential for practical application. SPAM errors are partly correctable after a calibration step that requires, for a complete…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-09-10 Michael R. Geller , Mingyu Sun

Quantum State Tomography is the task of determining an unknown quantum state by making measurements on identical copies of the state. Current algorithms are costly both on the experimental front -- requiring vast numbers of measurements --…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-12-18 Yihui Quek , Stanislav Fort , Hui Khoon Ng