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Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) has recently gained significant attention due to its many applications, such as Retrieval-Augmented Generation. Such applications require ANNS algorithms that support dynamic data, so the ANNS…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Tomohiro Yamashita , Daichi Amagata , Yusuke Matsui

As the state-of-the-art methods for high-dimensional data retrieval, Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) approaches with graph-based indexes have attracted increasing attention and play a crucial role in many real-world applications,…

Range-filtering approximate nearest neighbor (RFANN) search is attracting increasing attention in academia and industry. Given a set of data objects, each being a pair of a high-dimensional vector and a numeric value, an RFANN query with a…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-09-05 Yuexuan Xu , Jianyang Gao , Yutong Gou , Cheng Long , Christian S. Jensen

Nearest neighbor search (NNS) has a wide range of applications in information retrieval, computer vision, machine learning, databases, and other areas. Existing state-of-the-art algorithm for nearest neighbor search, Hierarchical Navigable…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Ishita Doshi , Dhritiman Das , Ashish Bhutani , Rajeev Kumar , Rushi Bhatt , Niranjan Balasubramanian

The approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search problem is fundamental to efficiently serving many real-world machine learning applications. A number of techniques have been developed for ANN search that are efficient, accurate, and scalable.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-23 Philip Sun , Ruiqi Guo , Sanjiv Kumar

Integrating the principles of approximate computing into the design of hardware-aware deep neural networks (DNN) has led to DNNs implementations showing good output quality and highly optimized hardware parameters such as low latency or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Michal Pinos , Lukas Sekanina , Vojtech Mrazek

Approximate K nearest neighbor (AKNN) search is a fundamental and challenging problem. We observe that in high-dimensional space, the time consumption of nearly all AKNN algorithms is dominated by that of the distance comparison operations…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-03-20 Jianyang Gao , Cheng Long

Dense retrieval, which describes the use of contextualised language models such as BERT to identify documents from a collection by leveraging approximate nearest neighbour (ANN) techniques, has been increasing in popularity. Two families of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Craig Macdonald , Nicola Tonellotto

Given a hybrid dataset where every data object consists of a vector and an attribute value, for each query with a target vector and a range filter, range-filtering approximate nearest neighbor search (RFANNS) aims to retrieve the most…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Ziqi Wang , Jingzhe Zhang , Wei Hu

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) in high dimensional space is essential in database and information retrieval. Recently, there has been a surge of interest in exploring efficient graph-based indices for the ANNS problem. Among…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-03-19 Cong Fu , Changxu Wang , Deng Cai

Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) presents an inherent tradeoff between performance and recall (i.e., result quality). Each ANNS algorithm provides its own algorithm-dependent parameters to allow applications to influence the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Manos Chatzakis , Yannis Papakonstantinou , Themis Palpanas

Approximate k-Nearest Neighbor (AKNN) search is widely used in vector databases. When vectors carry additional attributes (e.g., labels or numerical values), filtered AKNN search retrieves the nearest vectors to a query vector under…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Wenxuan Xia , Mingyu Yang , Wentao Li , Wei Wang

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) on GPUs is gaining increasing popularity for modern retrieval and recommendation workloads that operate over massive high-dimensional vectors. Graph-based indexes deliver high recall and throughput…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Jifan Shi , Jianyang Gao , James Xia , Tamás Béla Fehér , Cheng Long

In high-dimensional vector spaces, Approximate Nearest Neighbor Search (ANNS) is a key component in database and artificial intelligence infrastructures. Graph-based methods, particularly HNSW, have emerged as leading solutions among…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Mengzhao Wang , Haotian Wu , Xiangyu Ke , Yunjun Gao , Yifan Zhu , Wenchao Zhou

In this paper we present an efficient method for visual descriptors retrieval based on compact hash codes computed using a multiple k-means assignment. The method has been applied to the problem of approximate nearest neighbor (ANN) search…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-05-11 Simone Ercoli , Marco Bertini , Alberto Del Bimbo

Nearest Neighbor Search (NNS) is a fundamental problem in data structures with wide-ranging applications, such as web search, recommendation systems, and, more recently, retrieval-augmented generations (RAG). In such recent applications, in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Siddharth Barman , Nirjhar Das , Shivam Gupta , Kirankumar Shiragur

Despite filtered nearest neighbor search being a fundamental task in modern vector search systems, the performance of existing algorithms is highly sensitive to query selectivity and filter type. In particular, existing solutions excel…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Haike Xu , Guy Blelloch , Laxman Dhulipala , Lars Gottesbüren , Rajesh Jayaram , Jakub Łącki

Approximate $k$-nearest neighbor search (A$k$-NNS) is a core operation in vector databases, underpinning applications such as retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and image retrieval. In these scenarios, users often prefer diverse result…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Jiachen Zhao , Xiao Yan , Eric Lo

Approximate nearest neighbor search (ANNS) has become a quintessential algorithmic problem for various other foundational data tasks for AI workloads. Graph-based ANNS indexes have superb empirical trade-offs in indexing cost, query…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Ziyu Zhang , Yuanhao Wei , Joshua Engels , Julian Shun

Near neighbor search (NNS) is a powerful abstraction for data access; however, data indexing is troublesome even for approximate indexes. For intrinsically high-dimensional data, high-quality fast searches demand either indexes with…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2021-06-30 Eric S. Tellez , Guillermo Ruiz , Edgar Chavez , Mario Graff
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