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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in linguistic tasks but struggle with mathematical reasoning, particularly in non English languages like Hindi. This research aims to enhance the mathematical reasoning skills of smaller, resource…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Avinash Anand , Kritarth Prasad , Chhavi Kirtani , Ashwin R Nair , Manvendra Kumar Nema , Raj Jaiswal , Rajiv Ratn Shah

This paper examines the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) from a novel perspective, focusing on their ability to operate within formally specified, rule-governed environments. We evaluate four LLMs (Gemini 2.5 Pro and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Maciej Świechowski , Adam Żychowski , Jacek Mańdziuk

Large Language Models (LLMs) are trained on massive amounts of data, enabling their application across diverse domains and tasks. Despite their remarkable performance, most LLMs are developed and evaluated primarily in English. Recently, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Krishno Dey , Prerona Tarannum , Md. Arid Hasan , Imran Razzak , Usman Naseem

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) promise advanced vision language capabilities, yet their effectiveness in visually presented mathematics remains underexplored. This paper analyzes the development and evaluation of MLLMs for…

Large language models have made substantial progress in mathematical reasoning. However, benchmark development for multilingual evaluation has lagged behind English in both difficulty and recency. Recently, GSM-Symbolic showed a strong…

Vision-language models score well on mathematical, scientific, and spatial reasoning benchmarks, yet these evaluations are overwhelmingly English. I present the first cross-lingual visual reasoning audit for Indian languages. 980 questions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Swastik R

Large Language Models (LLMs) show impressive performance on many NLP benchmarks, yet their ability to reason in figurative, culturally grounded, and low-resource settings remains underexplored. We address this gap for Bangla by introducing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Nurul Labib Sayeedi , Md. Faiyaz Abdullah Sayeedi , Khushnur Binte Jahangir , Swakkhar Shatabda , Sarah Masud Preum

Large Language Models have demonstrated strong performance on many established reasoning benchmarks. However, these benchmarks primarily evaluate structured skills like quantitative problem-solving, leaving a gap in assessing flexible,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Deepon Halder , Alan Saji , Thanmay Jayakumar , Ratish Puduppully , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Raj Dabre

Multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs) claim "musical understanding" via evaluations that conflate listening with score reading. We benchmark three SOTA LLMs (Gemini 2.5 Pro, Gemini 2.5 Flash, and Qwen2.5-Omni) across three core music…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Brandon James Carone , Iran R. Roman , Pablo Ripollés

Providing effective feedback is important for student learning in programming problem-solving. In this sense, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as potential tools to automate feedback generation. However, their reliability and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Priscylla Silva , Evandro Costa

Recent large language models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive capabilities in handling long contexts, some exhibiting near-perfect recall on synthetic retrieval tasks. However, these evaluations have mainly focused on English text and involved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ameeta Agrawal , Andy Dang , Sina Bagheri Nezhad , Rhitabrat Pokharel , Russell Scheinberg

We investigate consciousness-like behaviors in Large Language Models (LLMs) using the Maze Test, challenging models to navigate mazes from a first-person perspective. This test simultaneously probes spatial awareness, perspective-taking,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Rui A. Pimenta , Tim Schlippe , Kristina Schaaff

There has been a surge in LLM evaluation research to understand LLM capabilities and limitations. However, much of this research has been confined to English, leaving LLM building and evaluation for non-English languages relatively…

This study introduces a benchmark framework for evaluating the financial decision-making capabilities of large language models (LLMs) through portfolio optimization problems with mathematically explicit solutions. Unlike existing financial…

Portfolio Management · Quantitative Finance 2026-05-28 Hanyong Cho , Jang Ho Kim

This paper investigates the mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) using 50 newly constructed high-school-level word problems. Unlike prior studies that focus solely on answer correctness, we rigorously analyze…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Johan Boye , Birger Moell

The growing prominence of large language models (LLMs) necessitates the exploration of their capabilities beyond English. This research investigates the Telugu language proficiency of ChatGPT and Gemini, two leading LLMs. Through a designed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Katikela Sreeharsha Kishore , Rahimanuddin Shaik

The burgeoning interest in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), such as OpenAI's GPT-4V(ision), has significantly impacted both academic and industrial realms. These models enhance Large Language Models (LLMs) with advanced visual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Yuqing Wang , Yun Zhao

Multilingual Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant effectiveness across various languages, particularly in high-resource languages such as English. However, their performance in terms of factual accuracy across other…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Pritika Rohera , Chaitrali Ginimav , Gayatri Sawant , Raviraj Joshi

Large language models (LLMs) offer the potential to simulate human-like responses and behaviors, creating new opportunities for psychological science. In the context of self-regulated learning (SRL), if LLMs can reliably simulate survey…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Leonie V. D. E. Vogelsmeier , Eduardo Oliveira , Kamila Misiejuk , Sonsoles López-Pernas , Mohammed Saqr

Can language models (LMs) self-refine their own responses? This question is increasingly relevant as a wide range of real-world user interactions involve refinement requests. However, prior studies have largely tested LMs' refinement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Young-Jun Lee , Seungone Kim , Byung-Kwan Lee , Minkyeong Moon , Yechan Hwang , Jong Myoung Kim , Graham Neubig , Sean Welleck , Ho-Jin Choi
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