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The experiment involving the entanglement of two massive particles through gravitational fields has been devised to discern the quantum attributes of gravity. In this paper, we present a scheme to extend this experiment's applicability to…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-21 Chi Zhang , Fu-Wen Shu

Protocols for observing gravity induced entanglement typically comprise the interaction of two particles prepared either in a superposition of two discrete paths, or in a continuously delocalized (harmonic oscillator) state of motion. An…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-14 Ofek Bengyat , Andrea Di Biagio , Markus Aspelmeyer , Marios Christodoulou

A consistent description of interactions between classical and quantum systems is relevant to quantum measurement theory, and to calculations in quantum chemistry and quantum gravity. A solution is offered here to this longstanding problem,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-11 Michael J. W. Hall , Marcel Reginatto

Two of us (CM and VV) recently showed how the quantum character of a physical system, in particular the gravitational field, can in principle be witnessed without directly measuring observables of that system, solely by its ability to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-29 C. Marletto , V. Vedral , D. Deutsch

The most challenging problem of modern physics is how to reconcile quantum theory and general relativity, namely, to find a consistent quantum theory in which gravity is quantized. This Progress Report focuses on such a tentative theory…

General Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Zeng-Bing Chen

We propose a general argument to show that if a physical system can mediate locally the generation of entanglement between two quantum systems, then it itself must be non-classical. Remarkably, we do not assume any classical or quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-10-21 Chiara Marletto , Vlatko Vedral

We show that the self-interactions present in the effective field theory formulation of general relativity can couple gravitational wave modes and generate nonclassical states. The output of gravitational nonlinear processes can also be…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-12-05 Thiago Guerreiro

It is often argued that gravity has to be a quantum theory simply because a fundamentally semiclassical approach would necessarily be inconsistent. Here I review recent Newtonian toy models of (stochastic) semiclassical gravity. They…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-08 Antoine Tilloy

A formal symmetry between generalized coordinates and momenta is postulated to formulate classical and quantum theories of a particle coupled to an Abelian gauge field. It is shown that the symmetry (a) requires the field to have dynamic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-05-17 Partha Ghose

We quantize the interaction of gravity with a Yang-Mills and Higgs field using canonical quantization. Similar to the approach in a previous paper we discard the Wheeler-DeWitt equation and express the Hamilton constraint by the evolution…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2016-03-07 Claus Gerhardt

I consider a hybrid cosmological model with a classical gravitational field and a quantized massive scalar field in spherically symmetric gravity. The interaction between classical and quantum fields is described using the formalism of…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2013-12-04 Marcel Reginatto

Markovian master equations underlie many areas of modern physics and, despite their apparent simplicity, they encode a rich and complex dynamics which is still under active research. We identify a class of continuous variable Markovian…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-06 Oliviero Angeli , Matteo Carlesso

Linearized Einstein gravity (with possibly nonzero cosmological constant) is quantized in the framework of algebraic quantum field theory by analogy with Dimock's treatment of electromagnetism [Rev. Math. Phys. 4 (1992) 223--233]. To…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2013-09-13 Christopher J. Fewster , David S. Hunt

Taking the quantization of electromagnetism as the paradigm, we show how this procedure cannot work for Einstein gravity. However, it does work for conformal gravity, a fourth-order derivative, renormalizable theory of gravity that Bender…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-01-18 Philip D. Mannheim

Entanglement between quantum and classical objects is of special interest in the context of fundamental studies of quantum mechanics and potential applications to quantum information processing. In quantum optics, single photons are treated…

Entanglement, a defining property of quantum mechanics in which two physical subsystems cannot be seen as independent entities, challenges our everyday experience and classical intuition. However, only such strong quantum correlations…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-13 Enno Giese

Understanding gravity in the framework of quantum mechanics is one of the great challenges in modern physics. Along this line, a prime question is to find whether gravity is a quantum entity subject to the rules of quantum mechanics. It is…

We present a simple calculation leading to the quantum gravitationally-induced decoherence of a spatial superposition of a massive object in the linear coupling regime. The point of this calculation is to illustrate that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-01 Vlatko Vedral

One of the outstanding questions in modern physics is how to test whether gravity is classical or quantum in a laboratory. Recently there has been a proposal to test the quantum nature of gravity by creating quantum superpositions of two…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-14 Fabian Gunnink , Anupam Mazumdar , Martine Schut , Marko Toroš

We investigate the interplay between quantum theory and gravity by exploring gravitational lensing and Einstein ring images in a weak gravitational field induced by a mass source in spatial quantum superposition. We analyze a quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2025-03-05 Youka Kaku , Yasusada Nambu