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Video Large Language Models (Video-LLMs) excel in video understanding but suffer from high inference latency during autoregressive generation. Speculative Decoding (SD) mitigates this by applying a draft-and-verify paradigm, yet existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Yicheng Ji , Jun Zhang , Jinpeng Chen , Cong Wang , Lidan Shou , Gang Chen , Huan Li

As video transmission increasingly serves machine vision systems (MVS) instead of human vision systems (HVS), video coding for machines (VCM) has become a critical research topic. Existing VCM methods often bind codecs to specific…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Yuxiao Sun , Meiqin Liu , Chao Yao , Qi Tang , Jian Jin , Weisi Lin , Frederic Dufaux , Yao Zhao

Multimodal Large Language Models have made significant strides in integrating visual and textual information, yet they often struggle with effectively aligning these modalities. We introduce a novel image tokenizer that bridges this gap by…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Wanpeng Zhang , Zilong Xie , Yicheng Feng , Yijiang Li , Xingrun Xing , Sipeng Zheng , Zongqing Lu

In recent years, large visual language models (LVLMs) have shown impressive performance and promising generalization capability in multi-modal tasks, thus replacing humans as receivers of visual information in various application scenarios.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-25 Binzhe Li , Shurun Wang , Shiqi Wang , Yan Ye

Mamba, a State Space Model (SSM), has recently shown competitive performance to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers in Natural Language Processing and general sequence modeling. Various attempts have been made to adapt…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Trung Dinh Quoc Dang , Huy Hoang Nguyen , Aleksei Tiulpin

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) enable multimodal reasoning for robotic perception and interaction, but their deployment in real-world systems remains constrained by latency, limited onboard resources, and privacy risks of cloud offloading.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Sarat Ahmad , Maryam Hafeez , Syed Ali Raza Zaidi

Recently, large multimodal models (LMMs) have achieved significant advancements. When dealing with high-resolution images, dominant LMMs typically divide them into multiple local images and a global image, leading to a large number of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Zhibin Lan , Liqiang Niu , Fandong Meng , Wenbo Li , Jie Zhou , Jinsong Su

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown promising advancements in general visual and language understanding. However, the representation of multimodal information using MLLMs remains largely unexplored. In this work, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Ting Jiang , Minghui Song , Zihan Zhang , Haizhen Huang , Weiwei Deng , Feng Sun , Qi Zhang , Deqing Wang , Fuzhen Zhuang

Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have achieved strong performance in vision-language understanding, yet many existing approaches rely on large-scale architectures and coarse supervision, which limits their ability to generate detailed image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Jiaxin Fan , Wenpo Song

Although Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) excel at various image-related tasks, they encounter challenges in precisely aligning coordinates with spatial information within images, particularly in position-aware tasks such as visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-17 Wei Tang , Yanpeng Sun , Qinying Gu , Zechao Li

Despite the remarkable capabilities of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), they still suffer from visual fading in long-context scenarios. Specifically, the attention to visual tokens diminishes as the text sequence lengthens, leading…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Lin Chen , Bolin Ni , Qi Yang , Zili Wang , Kun Ding , Ying Wang , Houwen Peng , Shiming Xiang

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have emerged as key enablers for multimodal tasks, but their reliance on separate visual encoders introduces challenges in efficiency, scalability, and modality alignment. To address these limitations, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Kaito Tanaka , Benjamin Tan , Brian Wong

Recent advancements in multimodal fusion have witnessed the remarkable success of vision-language (VL) models, which excel in various multimodal applications such as image captioning and visual question answering. However, building VL…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Zhiwei Hao , Jianyuan Guo , Li Shen , Yong Luo , Han Hu , Yonggang Wen

Current visual grounding models are either based on a Multimodal Large Language Model (MLLM) that performs auto-regressive decoding, which is slow and risks hallucinations, or on re-aligning an LLM with vision features to learn new special…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Weitai Kang , Jason Kuen , Mengwei Ren , Zijun Wei , Yan Yan , Kangning Liu

Recent advancements in Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) have greatly enhanced their proficiency in 2D visual understanding tasks, enabling them to effectively process and understand images and videos. However, the development of LMMs with 3D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Chenming Zhu , Tai Wang , Wenwei Zhang , Jiangmiao Pang , Xihui Liu

Vision-language models (VLMs) are highly effective but often underperform on specialized tasks; for example, Llava-1.5 struggles with chart and diagram understanding due to scarce task-specific training data. Existing training data, sourced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Siddharth Joshi , Besmira Nushi , Vidhisha Balachandran , Varun Chandrasekaran , Vibhav Vineet , Neel Joshi , Baharan Mirzasoleiman

Recent approaches for vision-language models (VLMs) have shown remarkable success in achieving fast downstream adaptation. When applied to real-world downstream tasks, VLMs inevitably encounter both the in-distribution (ID) data and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Lin Zhu , Yifeng Yang , Xinbing Wang , Qinying Gu , Nanyang Ye

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated strong capability in a wide range of tasks such as visual recognition, document parsing, and visual grounding. Nevertheless, recent work shows that while VLMs often manage to capture the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Chengxin Liu , Wonseok Choi , Chenshuang Zhang , Tae-Hyun Oh

Sleep stage classification based on electroencephalography (EEG) is fundamental for assessing sleep quality and diagnosing sleep-related disorders. However, most traditional machine learning methods rely heavily on prior knowledge and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Xihe Qiu , Gengchen Ma , Haoyu Wang , Chen Zhan , Xiaoyu Tan , Shuo Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) demonstrate impressive performance in understanding visual content with language instruction by converting visual inputs to vision tokens. However, redundancy in vision tokens results in the degraded inference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Sixun Dong , Juhua Hu , Mian Zhang , Ming Yin , Yanjie Fu , Qi Qian