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Related papers: Red-teaming Activation Probes using Prompted LLMs

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AI systems are entering critical domains like healthcare, finance, and defense, yet remain vulnerable to adversarial attacks. While AI red teaming is a primary defense, current approaches force operators into manual, library-specific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Raja Sekhar Rao Dheekonda , Will Pearce , Nick Landers

Jailbreak attacks exploit specific prompts to bypass LLM safeguards, causing the LLM to generate harmful, inappropriate, and misaligned content. Current jailbreaking methods rely heavily on carefully designed system prompts and numerous…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Buyun Liang , Kwan Ho Ryan Chan , Darshan Thaker , Jinqi Luo , René Vidal

LLM-powered agents often use prompt compression to reduce inference costs, but this introduces a new security risk. Compression modules, which are optimized for efficiency rather than safety, can be manipulated by adversarial inputs,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Zesen Liu , Zhixiang Zhang , Yuchong Xie , Dongdong She

Prompt injection attacks can compromise the security and stability of critical systems, from infrastructure to large web applications. This work curates and augments a prompt injection dataset based on the HackAPrompt Playground Submissions…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Safwan Shaheer , G. M. Refatul Islam , Mohammad Rafid Hamid , Md. Abrar Faiaz Khan , Md. Omar Faruk , Yaseen Nur

We examine one particular dimension of AI governance: how to monitor and audit AI-enabled products and services throughout the AI development lifecycle, from pre-deployment testing to post-deployment auditing. Combining principles from…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Parand A. Alamdari , Toryn Q. Klassen , Sheila A. McIlraith

Activation Patching is a method of directly computing causal attributions of behavior to model components. However, applying it exhaustively requires a sweep with cost scaling linearly in the number of model components, which can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 János Kramár , Tom Lieberum , Rohin Shah , Neel Nanda

The deployment of large-scale generative models is often restricted by their potential risk of causing harm to users in unpredictable ways. We focus on the problem of black-box red teaming, where a red team generates test cases and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Deokjae Lee , JunYeong Lee , Jung-Woo Ha , Jin-Hwa Kim , Sang-Woo Lee , Hwaran Lee , Hyun Oh Song

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming a popular tool as they have significantly advanced in their capability to tackle a wide range of language-based tasks. However, LLMs applications are highly vulnerable to prompt injection attacks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Md Abdur Rahman , Fan Wu , Alfredo Cuzzocrea , Sheikh Iqbal Ahamed

As vision-language models (VLMs) gain prominence, their multimodal interfaces also introduce new safety vulnerabilities, making the safety evaluation challenging and critical. Existing red-teaming efforts are either restricted to a narrow…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Zhaorun Chen , Xun Liu , Mintong Kang , Jiawei Zhang , Minzhou Pan , Shuang Yang , Bo Li

Security Operations Centers (SOCs) are overwhelmed by tens of thousands of daily alerts, with only a small fraction corresponding to genuine attacks. This overload creates alert fatigue, leading to overlooked threats and analyst burnout.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Bowen Wei , Yuan Shen Tay , Howard Liu , Jinhao Pan , Kun Luo , Ziwei Zhu , Chris Jordan

Security testing has been a career path that many are beginning to take. In doing so, security testing can hit the realms of many different types of engagements, ranging from web, infrastructure and social engineering. With the risk of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-19 Jack Whitter-Jones , Mathew Evans

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive capabilities in natural language tasks, but their safety and morality remain contentious due to their training on internet text corpora. To address these concerns, alignment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Mohammad Bahrami Karkevandi , Nishant Vishwamitra , Peyman Najafirad

Despite extensive diagnostics and debugging by developers, AI systems sometimes exhibit harmful unintended behaviors. Finding and fixing these is challenging because the attack surface is so large -- it is not tractable to exhaustively…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Stephen Casper , Lennart Schulze , Oam Patel , Dylan Hadfield-Menell

Text-to-Image(T2I) models typically deploy safety filters to prevent the generation of sensitive images. Unfortunately, recent jailbreaking attack methods manually design instructions for the LLM to generate adversarial prompts, which…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Chenyu Zhang , Lanjun Wang , Yiwen Ma , Wenhui Li , An-An Liu

Next point-of-interest (POI) recommendation is a key component of smart urban services, yet it remains challenging under cold-start conditions with sparse user-POI interactions. Recent LLM-based methods address this issue through either…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Jinze Wang , Lu Zhang , Yiyang Cui , Tiehua Zhang , Zhishu Shen , Yuze Liu , Xingjun Ma , Jiong Jin

Multimodal agents built on large vision-language models (LVLMs) are increasingly deployed in open-world settings but remain highly vulnerable to prompt injection, especially through visual inputs. We introduce AgentTypo, a black-box…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Yanjie Li , Yiming Cao , Dong Wang , Bin Xiao

Large Language Models remain vulnerable to adversarial prompts that elicit toxic content even after safety alignment. We present ToxSearch, a black-box evolutionary framework that tests model safety by evolving prompts in a synchronous…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Onkar Shelar , Travis Desell

The rapid integration of Generative AI (GenAI) into various applications necessitates robust risk management strategies which includes Red Teaming (RT) - an evaluation method for simulating adversarial attacks. Unfortunately, RT for GenAI…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Tam n. Nguyen

The wide-ranging applications of large language models (LLMs), especially in safety-critical domains, necessitate the proper evaluation of the LLM's adversarial robustness. This paper proposes an efficient tool to audit the LLM's…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Xilie Xu , Keyi Kong , Ning Liu , Lizhen Cui , Di Wang , Jingfeng Zhang , Mohan Kankanhalli

LLM agents in markets present algorithmic collusion risks. While prior work shows LLM agents reach supracompetitive prices through tacit coordination, existing research focuses on hand-crafted prompts. The emerging paradigm of prompt…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yingtao Tian