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Urban traffic congestion, particularly at intersections, significantly affects travel time, fuel consumption, and emissions. Traditional fixed-time signal control systems often lack the adaptability to effectively manage dynamic traffic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Saahil Mahato

Recently, safe reinforcement learning (RL) with the actor-critic structure for continuous control tasks has received increasing attention. It is still challenging to learn a near-optimal control policy with safety and convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Xinglong Zhang , Yaoqian Peng , Biao Luo , Wei Pan , Xin Xu , Haibin Xie

Sampling-based motion planning is a well-established approach in autonomous driving, valued for its modularity and analytical tractability. In complex urban scenarios, however, uniform or heuristic sampling often produces many infeasible or…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Korbinian Moller , Roland Stroop , Mattia Piccinini , Alexander Langmann , Johannes Betz

Traffic congestion remains a significant challenge in modern urban networks. Autonomous driving technologies have emerged as a potential solution. Among traffic control methods, reinforcement learning has shown superior performance over…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Songyang Liu , Muyang Fan , Weizi Li , Jing Du , Shuai Li

In traffic signal control, flow-based (optimizing the overall flow) and pressure-based methods (equalizing and alleviating congestion) are commonly used but often considered separately. This study introduces a unified framework using…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-01-18 Chaolun Ma , Bruce Wang , Zihao Li , Ahmadreza Mahmoudzadeh , Yunlong Zhang

Urban traffic congestion is a critical predicament that plagues modern road networks. To alleviate this issue and enhance traffic efficiency, traffic signal control and vehicle routing have proven to be effective measures. In this paper, we…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-18 Xianyue Peng , Hang Gao , Gengyue Han , Hao Wang , Michael Zhang

Reinforcement Learning is proving a successful tool that can manage urban intersections with a fraction of the effort required to curate traditional traffic controllers. However, literature on the introduction and control of pedestrians to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Alvaro Cabrejas-Egea , Colm Connaughton

This paper presents a mixed traffic control policy designed to optimize traffic efficiency across diverse road topologies, addressing issues of congestion prevalent in urban environments. A model-free reinforcement learning (RL) approach is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-01-29 Chuyang Xiao , Dawei Wang , Xinzheng Tang , Jia Pan , Yuexin Ma

Safe and efficient autonomous driving maneuvers in an interactive and complex environment can be considerably challenging due to the unpredictable actions of other surrounding agents that may be cooperative or adversarial in their…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Pin Wang , Ching-Yao Chan , Hanhan Li

Autonomous driving faces challenges in navigating complex real-world traffic, requiring safe handling of both common and critical scenarios. Reinforcement learning (RL), a prominent method in end-to-end driving, enables agents to learn…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Ahmed Abouelazm , Johannes Ratz , Philip Schörner , J. Marius Zöllner

Conventional Congestion Control (CC) algorithms,such as TCP Cubic, struggle in tactical environments as they misinterpret packet loss and fluctuating network performance as congestion symptoms. Recent efforts, including our own MARLIN, have…

Traffic signal control is a challenging real-world problem aiming to minimize overall travel time by coordinating vehicle movements at road intersections. Existing traffic signal control systems in use still rely heavily on oversimplified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-09 Chi-Chun Chao , Jun-Wei Hsieh , Bor-Shiun Wang

Many existing traffic signal controllers are either simple adaptive controllers based on sensors placed around traffic intersections, or optimized by traffic engineers on a fixed schedule. Optimizing traffic controllers is time consuming…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-15 Kai Liang Tan , Subhadipto Poddar , Anuj Sharma , Soumik Sarkar

Reinforcement learning (RL) constitutes a promising solution for alleviating the problem of traffic congestion. In particular, deep RL algorithms have been shown to produce adaptive traffic signal controllers that outperform conventional…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-07-23 Filipe Rodrigues , Carlos Lima Azevedo

Efficient traffic signal control is essential for managing urban transportation, minimizing congestion, and improving safety and sustainability. Reinforcement Learning (RL) has emerged as a promising approach to enhancing adaptive traffic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Xiaoyu Wang , Ayal Taitler , Scott Sanner , Baher Abdulhai

In this article, we explore the technical details of the reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms that were deployed in the largest field test of automated vehicles designed to smooth traffic flow in history as of 2023, uncovering the…

The optimization of traffic signal control (TSC) is critical for an efficient transportation system. In recent years, reinforcement learning (RL) techniques have emerged as a popular approach for TSC and show promising results for highly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Jianxiong Li , Shichao Lin , Tianyu Shi , Chujie Tian , Yu Mei , Jian Song , Xianyuan Zhan , Ruimin Li

Inefficient traffic signal control methods may cause numerous problems, such as traffic congestion and waste of energy. Reinforcement learning (RL) is a trending data-driven approach for adaptive traffic signal control in complex urban…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-14 Zhenning Li , Chengzhong Xu , Guohui Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms find applications in inventory control, recommender systems, vehicular traffic management, cloud computing and robotics. The real-world complications of many tasks arising in these domains makes them…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Sindhu Padakandla

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is an area of growing interest in the field of artificial intelligence due to its many notable applications in diverse fields. Particularly within the context of intelligent vehicle control, RL has made…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Rafael Pina , Corentin Artaud , Xiaolan Liu , Varuna De Silva