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Related papers: Bootstrap Off-policy with World Model

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Offline pretraining with a static dataset followed by online fine-tuning (offline-to-online, or OtO) is a paradigm well matched to a real-world RL deployment process. In this scenario, we aim to find the best-performing policy within a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Trevor McInroe , Adam Jelley , Stefano V. Albrecht , Amos Storkey

Post-training is essential for turning pretrained generalist robot policies into reliable task-specific controllers, but existing human-in-the-loop pipelines remain tied to physical execution: each correction requires robot time, scene…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Yaxuan Li , Zhongyi Zhou , Yefei Chen , Yanjiang Guo , Jiaming Liu , Shanghang Zhang , Jianyu Chen , Yichen Zhu

A World Model is a compressed spatial and temporal representation of a real world environment that allows one to train an agent or execute planning methods. However, world models are typically trained on observations from the real world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Fabio Ferreira , Moreno Schlageter , Raghu Rajan , Andre Biedenkapp , Frank Hutter

In offline reinforcement learning (offline RL), one of the main challenges is to deal with the distributional shift between the learning policy and the given dataset. To address this problem, recent offline RL methods attempt to introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-16 Jianhao Wang , Wenzhe Li , Haozhe Jiang , Guangxiang Zhu , Siyuan Li , Chongjie Zhang

Most reinforcement learning practitioners evaluate their policies with online Monte Carlo estimators for either hyperparameter tuning or testing different algorithmic design choices, where the policy is repeatedly executed in the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Shuze Liu , Shangtong Zhang

In offline reinforcement learning, a policy is learned using a static dataset in the absence of costly feedback from the environment. In contrast to the online setting, only using static datasets poses additional challenges, such as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Marvin Alles , Philip Becker-Ehmck , Patrick van der Smagt , Maximilian Karl

Inspired by how humans combine direct interaction with action-free experience (e.g., videos), we study world models that learn from heterogeneous data. Standard world models typically rely on action-conditioned trajectories, which limits…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-12 Marvin Alles , Xingyuan Zhang , Patrick van der Smagt , Philip Becker-Ehmck

Many current behavior generation methods struggle to handle real-world traffic situations as they do not scale well with complexity. However, behaviors can be learned off-line using data-driven approaches. Especially, reinforcement learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-02 Patrick Hart , Leonard Rychly , Alois Knol

The goal of imitation learning is to mimic expert behavior from demonstrations, without access to an explicit reward signal. A popular class of approach infers the (unknown) reward function via inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) followed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Carl Qi , Pieter Abbeel , Aditya Grover

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) struggles in environments with rich and noisy inputs, where the agent only has access to a fixed dataset without environment interactions. Past works have proposed common workarounds based on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-01 Hongyu Zang , Xin Li , Jie Yu , Chen Liu , Riashat Islam , Remi Tachet Des Combes , Romain Laroche

We study the problem of planning under model uncertainty in an online meta-reinforcement learning (RL) setting where an agent is presented with a sequence of related tasks with limited interactions per task. The agent can use its experience…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Khimya Khetarpal , Claire Vernade , Brendan O'Donoghue , Satinder Singh , Tom Zahavy

This paper investigates a new approach to model-based reinforcement learning using background planning: mixing (approximate) dynamic programming updates and model-free updates, similar to the Dyna architecture. Background planning with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Kevin Roice , Parham Mohammad Panahi , Scott M. Jordan , Adam White , Martha White

Model-based reinforcement learning approaches carry the promise of being data efficient. However, due to challenges in learning dynamics models that sufficiently match the real-world dynamics, they struggle to achieve the same asymptotic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-17 Ignasi Clavera , Jonas Rothfuss , John Schulman , Yasuhiro Fujita , Tamim Asfour , Pieter Abbeel

Deep reinforcement learning algorithms have succeeded in several challenging domains. Classic Online RL job schedulers can learn efficient scheduling strategies but often takes thousands of timesteps to explore the environment and adapt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-05 Vanamala Venkataswamy , Jake Grigsby , Andrew Grimshaw , Yanjun Qi

Recent Offline Reinforcement Learning methods have succeeded in learning high-performance policies from fixed datasets of experience. A particularly effective approach learns to first identify and then mimic optimal decision-making…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Jake Grigsby , Yanjun Qi

The world currently offers an abundance of data in multiple domains, from which we can learn reinforcement learning (RL) policies without further interaction with the environment. RL agents learning offline from such data is possible but…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Hager Radi , Josiah P. Hanna , Peter Stone , Matthew E. Taylor

Recent advances in batch (offline) reinforcement learning have shown promising results in learning from available offline data and proved offline reinforcement learning to be an essential toolkit in learning control policies in a model-free…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-19 Ashish Kumar , Ilya Kuzovkin

Training practical agents usually involve offline and online reinforcement learning (RL) to balance the policy's performance and interaction costs. In particular, online fine-tuning has become a commonly used method to correct the erroneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Qisen Yang , Shenzhi Wang , Matthieu Gaetan Lin , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

We investigate robust model-free reinforcement learning algorithms designed for environments that may be dynamic or even adversarial. Traditional state-based policies often struggle to accommodate the challenges imposed by the presence of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Udaya Ghai , Arushi Gupta , Wenhan Xia , Karan Singh , Elad Hazan

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) methods aim to learn optimal policies with access only to trajectories in a fixed dataset. Policy constraint methods formulate policy learning as an optimization problem that balances maximizing reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Padmanaba Srinivasan , William Knottenbelt