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We show that rejection of local realism in quantum mechanics can be tested by Bell-type inequalities for two observers and low-order moments of continuous and unbounded observables. We prove that one requires three observables for each…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-11 Adam Bednorz

The realistic interpretation of classical theory assumes that every classical system has well-defined properties, which may be unknown to the observer but are nevertheless part of reality and can in principle be revealed by measurements.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-13 Giulio Chiribella , Lorenzo Giannelli , Carlo Maria Scandolo

Bell inequalities reveal the fundamentally nonlocal character of quantum mechanics. In this regard, one of the interesting problems is to explore all possible Bell inequalities that demonstrate a gap between local and nonlocal quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-10 Palash Pandya , Shubhayan Sarkar , Remigiusz Augusiak

We provide a necessary condition that a quantum measurement can be implemented by the class of protocols known as Local Operations and Classical Communication, or LOCC, including when an error is allowed but must vanish in the limit of an…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-17 Scott M. Cohen

We show how one may test macroscopic local realism where, different from conventional Bell tests, all relevant measurements need only distinguish between two macroscopically distinct states of the system being measured. Here, measurements…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-13 M. Thenabadu , G-L. Cheng , T. L. H. Pham , L. V. Drummond , L. Rosales-Zárate , M. D. Reid

Tests of local realism and their applications aim for very high confidence in their results even in the presence of potentially adversarial effects. For this purpose, one can measure a quantity that reflects the amount of violation of local…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-11-26 Yanbao Zhang , Scott Glancy , Emanuel Knill

We show how the Bell correlations can be modelled locally by relaxing the joint probability relation for independent variables $P(a,b)=P(a)P(b)$ outside classical settings, with complex/quaternion generators for the measurement outcomes…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-03-11 Anna Karlsson

In quantum mechanics, joint measurements of non-commuting observables are only possible if a minimal unavoidable measurement uncertainty is accepted. On the other hand, correlations between non-commuting observables can exceed classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-07-24 Holger F. Hofmann

Understanding the connections between different quantum information protocols has been proven fruitful for both theoretical insights and experimental applications. In this work, we explore the relationship between non-local and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Matilde Baroni , Eleni Diamanti , Damian Markham , Ivan Šupić

Fundamental principle of classical physics -- local realism, means that freely chosen observations can be explained by a local (slower than light) real process. It is apparently violated in quantum mechanics as shown by Bell theorem.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-08-07 Adam Bednorz

This paper discusses a possible resolution of the nonobjectivity-nonlocality dilemma in quantum mechanics in 'the light of experimental tests of the Bell inequality for two entangled photons and a Bell-like inequality for a single neutron.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-03-30 Andrei Khrennikov

Nonlocality exhibited by ensembles of composite quantum states, wherein local operations and classical communication (LOCC) yield suboptimal discrimination probabilities compared to global strategies, is one of the striking nonclassical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-02 Samrat Sen

It is known that "quantum non locality", leading to the violation of Bell's inequality and more generally of classical local realism, can be attributed to the conjunction of two properties, that we call here elementary locality and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-04 Philippe Grangier

Entanglement of quasiclassical (coherent) states of two harmonic oscillators leads to striking quantum effects and is useful for quantum technologies. These effects and applications are closely related to nonlocal correlations inherent in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-14 Zhi-Rong Zhong , Jian-Qi Sheng , Li-Hua Lin , Shi-Biao Zheng

Bell nonlocality describes a manifestation of quantum mechanics that cannot be explained by any local hidden variable model. Its origin lies in the nature of quantum entanglement, although understanding the precise relationship between…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-01-03 Kuntal Sengupta , Rana Zibakhsh , Eric Chitambar , Gilad Gour

Bell's theorem, stating that quantum predictions are incompatible with a local hidden variable description, is a cornerstone of quantum theory and at the center of many quantum information processing protocols. Over the years, different…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-27 I. S. Eliëns , S. G. A. Brito , R. Chaves

This paper illustrates a direct connection between quantum steering and non-trivial preparation contextuality. In two party-two measurement per party-two outcomes per measurement $(2-2-2)$ Bell scenario, any argument of Bell nonlocality is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-01-02 Prabuddha Roy , A. K. Pan

It is one of the most remarkable features of quantum physics that measurements on spatially separated systems cannot always be described by a locally causal theory. In such a theory, the outcomes of local measurements are determined in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-09-08 Yeong-Cherng Liang

The observation of quantum nonlocality, i.e. quantum correlations violating a Bell inequality, implies the use of incompatible local quantum measurements. Here we consider the converse question. That is, can any set of incompatible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-06-06 Marco Túlio Quintino , Joseph Bowles , Flavien Hirsch , Nicolas Brunner

Starting from the late 60's many experiments have been performed to verify the violation Bell's inequality by Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) type correlations. The idea of these experiments being that: (i) Bell's inequality is a consequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Luigi Accardi , Massimo Regoli