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This comprehensive review explores the intersection of Large Language Models (LLMs) and cognitive science, examining similarities and differences between LLMs and human cognitive processes. We analyze methods for evaluating LLMs cognitive…

In this paper, we describe the capabilities and constraints of Large Language Models (LLMs) within disparate academic disciplines, aiming to delineate their strengths and limitations with precision. We examine how LLMs augment scientific…

While contemporary large language models (LLMs) are increasingly capable in isolation, there are still many difficult problems that lie beyond the abilities of a single LLM. For such tasks, there is still uncertainty about how best to take…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Ryan Liu , Dilip Arumugam , Cedegao E. Zhang , Sean Escola , Xaq Pitkow , Thomas L. Griffiths

Large language models (LLMs) have ushered in a new era for processing complex information in various fields, including science. The increasing amount of scientific literature allows these models to acquire and understand scientific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-21 Huy Quoc To , Ming Liu , Guangyan Huang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools in various research domains. This article examines their potential through a literature review and firsthand experimentation. While LLMs offer benefits like cost-effectiveness and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-04-10 M. Namvarpour , A. Razi

Modern artificial intelligence systems, such as large language models, are increasingly powerful but also increasingly hard to understand. Recognizing this problem as analogous to the historical difficulties in understanding the human mind,…

Large language models (LLMs) provide capabilities far beyond sentence completion, including question answering, summarization, and natural-language inference. While many of these capabilities have potential application to cognitive systems,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-12 James R. Kirk , Robert E. Wray , John E. Laird

The global mental health crisis is looming with a rapid increase in mental disorders, limited resources, and the social stigma of seeking treatment. As the field of artificial intelligence (AI) has witnessed significant advancements in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Neo Christopher Chung , George Dyer , Lennart Brocki

Cognitive Science has profoundly shaped disciplines such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Philosophy, Psychology, Neuroscience, Linguistics, and Culture. Many breakthroughs in AI trace their roots to cognitive theories, while AI itself has…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Rui Mao , Qian Liu , Xiao Li , Erik Cambria , Amir Hussain

The exponential growth of text-based data in domains such as healthcare, education, and social sciences has outpaced the capacity of traditional qualitative analysis methods, which are time-intensive and prone to subjectivity. Large…

Language models (LMs) are sentence-completion engines trained on massive corpora. LMs have emerged as a significant breakthrough in natural-language processing, providing capabilities that go far beyond sentence completion including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-26 Robert E. Wray , III , James R. Kirk , John E. Laird

Large language models (LLMs) have exhibited exceptional capabilities in natural language understanding and generation, image recognition, and multimodal tasks, charting a course towards AGI and emerging as a central issue in the global…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Guoqiang Liang , Jingqian Gong , Mengxuan Li , Gege Lin , Shuo Zhang

Elucidating the language-brain relationship requires bridging the methodological gap between the abstract theoretical frameworks of linguistics and the empirical neural data of neuroscience. Serving as an interdisciplinary cornerstone,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-02-16 Fudong Zhang , Bo Chai , Yujie Wu , Wai Ting Siok , Nizhuan Wang

The rapid development of Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrates remarkable multilingual capabilities in natural language processing, attracting global attention in both academia and industry. To mitigate potential discrimination and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-08 Kaiyu Huang , Fengran Mo , Xinyu Zhang , Hongliang Li , You Li , Yuanchi Zhang , Weijian Yi , Yulong Mao , Jinchen Liu , Yuzhuang Xu , Jinan Xu , Jian-Yun Nie , Yang Liu

In the artificial intelligence area, one of the ultimate goals is to make computers understand human language and offer assistance. In order to achieve this ideal, researchers of computer science have put forward a lot of models and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Mengyun Cao , Jiao Tian , Dezhi Cheng , Jin Liu , Xiaoping Sun

Problem-solving has been a fundamental driver of human progress in numerous domains. With advancements in artificial intelligence, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools capable of tackling complex problems across…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Da Zheng , Lun Du , Junwei Su , Yuchen Tian , Yuqi Zhu , Jintian Zhang , Lanning Wei , Ningyu Zhang , Huajun Chen

Language understanding is a key scientific issue in the fields of cognitive and computer science. However, the two disciplines differ substantially in the specific research questions. Cognitive science focuses on analyzing the specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-13 Shaonan Wang , Nai Ding , Nan Lin , Jiajun Zhang , Chengqing Zong

This special issue is dedicated to get a better picture of the relationships between computational linguistics and cognitive science. It specifically raises two questions: "what is the potential contribution of computational language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-25 Thierry Poibeau , Shravan Vasishth

Large language models (LLMs) are powerful artificial intelligence (AI) tools transforming how research is conducted. However, their use in research has been met with skepticism, due to concerns about hallucinations, biases and potential…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ruian Ke , Ruy M. Ribeiro

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated their transformative potential across numerous disciplinary studies, reshaping the existing research methodologies and fostering interdisciplinary collaboration. However, a systematic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-14 Lu Xiang , Yang Zhao , Yaping Zhang , Chengqing Zong
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