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Large language models (LLMs) require enormous computing power to pretrain on massive datasets. When limited datasets are available, smaller-sized LLMs are better choice to pretrain (on user-specified datasets) by following the scaling laws…

The simplex algorithm has been successfully used for many years in solving linear programming (LP) problems. Due to the intensive computations required (especially for the solution of large LP problems), parallel approaches have also…

Since the release of ChatGPT in November 2022, large language models (LLMs) have seen considerable success, including in the open-source community, with many open-weight models available. However, the requirements to deploy such a service…

Inference on large-language models (LLMs) is constrained by GPU memory capacity. A sudden increase in the number of inference requests to a cloud-hosted LLM can deplete GPU memory, leading to contention between multiple prompts for limited…

The rapidly growing popularity and scale of data-parallel workloads demand a corresponding increase in raw computational power of GPUs (Graphics Processing Units). As single-GPU systems struggle to satisfy the performance demands, multi-GPU…

Fine-tuning pre-trained large language models (LLMs) with limited hardware presents challenges due to GPU memory constraints. Various distributed fine-tuning methods have been proposed to alleviate memory constraints on GPU. However,…

Discrete GPUs are a cornerstone of HPC and data center systems, requiring management of separate CPU and GPU memory spaces. Unified Virtual Memory (UVM) has been proposed to ease the burden of memory management; however, at a high cost in…

Modern deployments of Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly require serving multiple models with diverse architectures, sizes, and specialization on shared, heterogeneous hardware. This setting introduces new challenges for resource…

Transformer-based, pre-trained large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding performance across diverse domains, particularly in the emerging {\em pretrain-then-finetune} paradigm. Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA), a…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have experienced widespread adoption across scientific and industrial domains due to their versatility and utility for diverse tasks. Nevertheless, deploying and serving these models at scale with optimal…

The recent widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and machine learning in general has sparked research interest in exploring the possibilities of deploying these models on smaller devices such as laptops and mobile phones. This…

GPUs are the heart of the latest generations of supercomputers. We efficiently accelerate a compressible multiphase flow solver via OpenACC on NVIDIA and AMD Instinct GPUs. Optimization is accomplished by specifying the directive clauses…

Large language models have high compute, latency, and memory requirements. While specialized accelerators such as GPUs and TPUs typically run these workloads, CPUs are more widely available and consume less energy. Accelerating LLMs with…

Optimizing GPU kernels manually is a challenging and time-consuming task. With the rapid development of LLMs, automated GPU kernel optimization is gradually becoming a tangible reality. However, current LLM-driven automated optimization…

The advent of the Attention mechanism and Transformer architecture enables contextually natural text generation and compresses the burden of processing entire source information into singular vectors. Based on these two main ideas, model…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in applications forming multi-request workflows like document summarization, search-based copilots, and multi-agent programming. While these workflows unlock richer functionality, they also…

With the growing number of data-intensive workloads, GPU, which is the state-of-the-art single-instruction-multiple-thread (SIMT) processor, is hindered by the memory bandwidth wall. To alleviate this bottleneck, previously proposed…

The rapid growth of large language models (LLMs) has outpaced the evolution of single-GPU hardware, making model scale increasingly constrained by memory capacity rather than computation. While modern training systems extend GPU memory…

All current LLM serving systems place the GPU at the center, from production-level attention-FFN disaggregation to NVIDIA's Rubin GPU-LPU heterogeneous platform. Even academic PIM/PNM proposals still treat the GPU as the central hub for…

This study systematically tests a computational power reuse scheme proposed by the open source community disabling specific instruction sets (Fused Multiply Add instructions) through CUDA source code modifications on the NVIDIA CMP 170HX…