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Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting improves LLM reasoning but can increase privacy risk by resurfacing personally identifiable information (PII) from the prompt into reasoning traces and outputs, even under policies that instruct the model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Patrick Ahrend , Tobias Eder , Xiyang Yang , Zhiyi Pan , Georg Groh

Social surveys in computational social science are well-designed by elaborate domain theories that can effectively reflect the interviewee's deep thoughts without concealing their true feelings. The candidate questionnaire options highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Xiaohua Wu , Xiaohui Tao , Wenjie Wu , Yuefeng Li , Lin Li

Recently, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated outstanding reasoning capabilities on mathematical and coding tasks. However, their application to financial tasks-especially the most fundamental task of stock movement…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Xueyuan Lin , Cehao Yang , Ye Ma , Ming Li , Rongjunchen Zhang , Yang Ni , Xiaojun Wu , Chengjin Xu , Jian Guo , Hui Xiong

Large language model (LLM) performance on reasoning problems typically does not generalize out of distribution. Previous work has claimed that this can be mitigated with chain of thought prompting-a method of demonstrating solution…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Kaya Stechly , Karthik Valmeekam , Subbarao Kambhampati

The significant computational demands of large language models have increased interest in distilling reasoning abilities into smaller models via Chain-of-Thought (CoT) distillation. Current CoT distillation methods mainly focus on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Yao Chen , Jiawei Sheng , Wenyuan Zhang , Tingwen Liu

Recent advancements in large reasoning models (LRMs) have demonstrated the effectiveness of scaling test-time computation to enhance reasoning capabilities on various tasks. However, LRMs often suffer from an ``overthinking'' problem, where…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yule Liu , Jingyi Zheng , Zhen Sun , Zifan Peng , Wenhan Dong , Zeyang Sha , Shiwen Cui , Weiqiang Wang , Xinlei He

Recent impressive results from large reasoning models have been interpreted as a triumph of Chain of Thought (CoT), and especially of the process of training on CoTs sampled from base LLMs in order to help find new reasoning patterns. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Karthik Valmeekam , Vardhan Palod , Kaya Stechly , Atharva Gundawar , Subbarao Kambhampati

Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting enhances reasoning in large language models (LLMs) but often leads to verbose and redundant outputs, thus increasing inference cost. We hypothesize that many reasoning steps are unnecessary for producing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Xin Liu , Lu Wang

Large language models have manifested remarkable capabilities by leveraging chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning techniques to solve intricate questions through step-by-step reasoning chains. Despite its success, the efficacy of such reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Yexin Wu , Zhuosheng Zhang , Hai Zhao

A common approach for teaching large language models (LLMs) to reason is to train on chain-of-thought (CoT) traces of in-distribution reasoning problems, but such annotated data is costly to obtain for every problem of interest. We want…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Fangcong Yin , Zeyu Leo Liu , Liu Leqi , Xi Ye , Greg Durrett

This study investigates the attribution patterns underlying Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning in multilingual LLMs. While prior works demonstrate the role of CoT prompting in improving task performance, there are concerns regarding the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Jeremias Ferrao , Ezgi Basar , Khondoker Ittehadul Islam , Mahrokh Hassani

Chain-of-thought (CoT), tree-of-thought (ToT), and related techniques work surprisingly well in practice for some complex reasoning tasks with Large Language Models (LLMs), but why? This work seeks the underlying reasons by conducting…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Liwei Kang , Zirui Zhao , David Hsu , Wee Sun Lee

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive reasoning capabilities, especially when guided by explicit chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning that verbalizes intermediate steps. While CoT improves both interpretability and accuracy,…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being applied to clinical care, a domain where both accuracy and transparent reasoning are critical for safe and trustworthy deployment. Chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting, which elicits…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Jiageng Wu , Kevin Xie , Bowen Gu , Nils Krüger , Kueiyu Joshua Lin , Jie Yang

Large reasoning models (LRMs) produce a textual chain of thought (CoT) in the process of solving a problem, which serves as a potentially powerful tool to understand the problem by surfacing a human-readable, natural-language explanation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Koyena Pal , David Bau , Chandan Singh

Large reasoning models (LRMs) often generate extensive chain-of-thought (CoT) traces before producing a final answer. As explicit textual artifacts, these traces can be passed to other models to solve the same task, enabling cross-model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Xinyuan Cheng , Beiduo Chen , Philipp Mondorf , Barbara Plank

Chain-of-thought (CoT) is a method that enables language models to handle complex reasoning tasks by decomposing them into simpler steps. Despite its success, the underlying mechanics of CoT are not yet fully understood. In an attempt to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Yingcong Li , Kartik Sreenivasan , Angeliki Giannou , Dimitris Papailiopoulos , Samet Oymak

From generating headlines to fabricating news, the Large Language Models (LLMs) are typically assessed by their final outputs, under the safety assumption that a refusal response signifies safe reasoning throughout the entire process.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Zhao Tong , Chunlin Gong , Yiping Zhang , Haichao Shi , Qiang Liu , Xingcheng Xu , Shu Wu , Xiao-Yu Zhang

Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting has improved the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), but it remains unclear why it works and whether it is the unique mechanism for triggering reasoning in large language models. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Zhenghao He , Guangzhi Xiong , Bohan Liu , Sanchit Sinha , Aidong Zhang

Recent progress in reasoning-oriented Large Language Models (LLMs) has been driven by introducing Chain-of-Thought (CoT) traces, where models generate intermediate reasoning traces before producing an answer. These traces, as in DeepSeek…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Siddhant Bhambri , Upasana Biswas , Subbarao Kambhampati