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Atypically large fluctuations in macroscopic non-equilibrium systems continue to attract interest. Their probability can often be determined by the optimal fluctuation method (OFM). The OFM brings about a conditional variational problem,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2020-01-01 Alexander K. Hartmann , Baruch Meerson , Pavel Sasorov

Several problems in machine learning are naturally expressed as the design and analysis of time-evolving probability distributions. This includes sampling via diffusion methods, optimizing the weights of neural networks, and analyzing the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-05-28 Gabriel Peyré

This paper studies the estimation of large-scale optimal transport maps (OTM), which is a well-known challenging problem owing to the curse of dimensionality. Existing literature approximates the large-scale OTM by a series of…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-11 Cheng Meng , Yuan Ke , Jingyi Zhang , Mengrui Zhang , Wenxuan Zhong , Ping Ma

Generative policies based on diffusion and flow matching achieve strong performance in robotic manipulation by modeling multi-modal human demonstrations. However, their reliance on iterative Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE) integration…

Optimal transport (OT) provides powerful tools for comparing probability measures in various types. The Wasserstein distance which arises naturally from the idea of OT is widely used in many machine learning applications. Unfortunately,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-06-03 Shu Liu , Haodong Sun , Hongyuan Zha

Merging models fine-tuned for different tasks into a single unified model has become an increasingly important direction for building versatile, efficient multi-task systems. Existing approaches predominantly rely on parameter interpolation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Zecheng Pan , Zhikang Chen , Ding Li , Min Zhang , Sen Cui , Hongshuo Jin , Luqi Tao , Yi Yang , Deheng Ye , Yu Zhang , Tingting Zhu , Tianling Ren

Flow matching models typically use linear interpolants to define the forward/noise addition process. This, together with the independent coupling between noise and target distributions, yields a vector field which is often non-straight.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Shiv Shankar , Tomas Geffner

Generative Adversarial Networks have been shown to be powerful in generating content. To this end, they have been studied intensively in the last few years. Nonetheless, training these networks requires solving a saddle point problem that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-09 Jingrong Lin , Keegan Lensink , Eldad Haber

The trend in the electric power system is to move towards increased amounts of distributed resources which suggests a transition from the current highly centralized to a more distributed control structure. In this paper, we propose a method…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-10-17 Javad Mohammadi , Soummya Kar , Gabriela Hug

The optimal power flow (OPF) problem is fundamental in power system operations and planning. Large-scale renewable penetration in distribution networks calls for real-time feedback control, and hence the need for fast and distributed…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-05-19 Qiuyu Peng , Steven H. Low

A generative model based on a continuous-time normalizing flow between any pair of base and target probability densities is proposed. The velocity field of this flow is inferred from the probability current of a time-dependent density that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-10 Michael S. Albergo , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

The implementation of optimal power flow (OPF) methods to perform voltage and power flow regulation in electric networks is generally believed to require extensive communication. We consider distribution systems with multiple controllable…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-15 Roel Dobbe , Oscar Sondermeijer , David Fridovich-Keil , Daniel Arnold , Duncan Callaway , Claire Tomlin

Modern vision generators transport a base distribution to data through time-indexed measures, implemented as deterministic flows (ODEs) or stochastic diffusions (SDEs). Despite strong empirical performance, standard flow-matching objectives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Chika Maduabuchi

Neural language models are often trained with maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), where the next word is generated conditioned on the ground-truth word tokens. During testing, however, the model is instead conditioned on previously…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-14 Guoyin Wang , Chunyuan Li , Jianqiao Li , Hao Fu , Yuh-Chen Lin , Liqun Chen , Yizhe Zhang , Chenyang Tao , Ruiyi Zhang , Wenlin Wang , Dinghan Shen , Qian Yang , Lawrence Carin

Reliable traversable area segmentation in unstructured environments is critical for planning and decision-making in autonomous driving. However, existing data-driven approaches often suffer from degraded segmentation performance in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Zhihua Zhao , Guoqiang Li , Chen Min , Kangping Lu

Alternating-Current Optimal Power Flow (AC-OPF) is framed as a NP-hard non-convex optimization problem that solves for the most economical dispatch of grid generation given the AC-network and device constraints. Although there are no…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-29 Amritanshu Pandey , Aayushya Agarwal , Larry Pileggi

Optimal power flow (OPF) is the central optimization problem in electric power grids. Although solved routinely in the course of power grid operations, it is known to be strongly NP-hard in general, and weakly NP-hard over tree networks. In…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2016-06-22 Krishnamurthy Dvijotham , Pascal Van Hentenryck , Michael Chertkov , Sidhant Misra , Marc Vuffray

We study Variational Rectified Flow Matching, a framework that enhances classic rectified flow matching by modeling multi-modal velocity vector-fields. At inference time, classic rectified flow matching 'moves' samples from a source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Pengsheng Guo , Alexander G. Schwing

We introduce a new generative modeling framework, \textbf{Flow Matching with Arbitrary Auxiliary Paths (AuxPath-FM)}, which generalizes conditional flow matching by incorporating an auxiliary variable drawn from an arbitrary distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Xin Peng , Ang Gao

Optimal Power Flow (OPF) is a core optimization problem in power system operation and planning, aiming to minimize generation costs while satisfying physical constraints such as power flow equations, generator limits, and voltage limits.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xuezhi Liu