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Neuroscience employs diverse neuroimaging techniques, each offering distinct insights into brain activity, from electrophysiological recordings such as EEG, which have high temporal resolution, to hemodynamic modalities such as fMRI, which…
Many real-world data sets, especially in biology, are produced by complex nonlinear dynamical systems. In this paper, we focus on brain calcium imaging (CaI) of different organisms (zebrafish and rat), aiming to build a model of joint…
Elucidating the intricate relationship between brain structure and function, both in healthy and pathological conditions, is a key challenge for modern neuroscience. Recent technical and methodological progress in neuroimaging has helped…
Recent advances in neural decoding have enabled the reconstruction of visual experiences from brain activity, positioning fMRI-to-image reconstruction as a promising bridge between neuroscience and computer vision. However, current methods…
Diverse cognitive processes set different demands on locally segregated and globally integrated brain activity. However, it remains unclear how resting brains configure their functional organization to balance the demands on network…
Inspired by foveal vision, hard attention models promise interpretability and parameter economy. However, existing models like the Recurrent Model of Visual Attention (RAM) and Deep Recurrent Attention Model (DRAM) failed to model the…
We have previously shown how to socially integrate a fish robot into a group of zebrafish thanks to biomimetic behavioural models. The models have to be calibrated on experimental data to present correct behavioural features. This…
For the past few years, we have developed flexible, active, multiplexed recording devices for high resolution recording over large, clinically relevant areas in the brain. While this technology has enabled a much higher-resolution view of…
A central goal in systems biology and drug discovery is to predict the transcriptional response of cells to perturbations. This task is challenging due to the noisy and sparse nature of single-cell measurements, as well as the fact that…
A new method called the Survival Beran-based Neural Importance Model (SurvBeNIM) is proposed. It aims to explain predictions of machine learning survival models, which are in the form of survival or cumulative hazard functions. The main…
Uncovering the fundamental neural correlates of biological intelligence, developing mathematical models, and conducting computational simulations are critical for advancing new paradigms in artificial intelligence (AI). In this study, we…
Here, we propose a novel method for representation of general spin systems using Restricted Boltzmann Machine with Softmax Regression (SRBM) that follows the probability distribution of the training data. SRBM training is performed using…
This is the first in a series of connected papers discussing the problem of a dynamically reconfigurable universal learning neurocomputer that could serve as a computational model for the whole human brain. The whole series is entitled "The…
In complex systems, we often observe complex global behavior emerge from a collection of agents interacting with each other in their environment, with each individual agent acting only on locally available information, without knowing the…
Modern deep learning models are over-parameterized, where different optima can result in widely varying generalization performance. The Sharpness-Aware Minimization (SAM) technique modifies the fundamental loss function that steers gradient…
Large language models (LLMs) exhibit a unified "general factor" of capability across 10 benchmarks, a finding confirmed by our factor analysis of 156 models, yet they still struggle with simple, trivial tasks for humans. This is because…
The brain is in a state of perpetual reverberant neural activity, even in the absence of specific tasks or stimuli. Shedding light on the origin and functional significance of such a dynamical state is essential to understanding how the…
Human brain activity is often measured using the blood-oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) signals obtained through functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The strength of connectivity between brain regions is then measured as a Pearson…
Recent advancements in understanding the brain's functional organization related to behavior have been pivotal, particularly in the development of predictive models based on brain connectivity. Traditional methods in this domain often…
Spiking neural networks (SNNs) serve as one type of efficient model to process spatio-temporal patterns in time series, such as the Address-Event Representation data collected from Dynamic Vision Sensor (DVS). Although convolutional SNNs…