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The Mixture of Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a key technique for scaling Large Language Models by activating only a subset of experts per query. Deploying MoE on consumer-grade edge hardware, however, is constrained by limited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Guoying Zhu , Meng Li , Haipeng Dai , Xuechen Liu , Weijun Wang , Keran Li , Jun xiao , Ligeng Chen , Wei Wang

Adverse weather removal tasks like deraining, desnowing, and dehazing are usually treated as separate tasks. However, in practical autonomous driving scenarios, the type, intensity,and mixing degree of weather are unknown, so handling each…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yulin Luo , Rui Zhao , Xiaobao Wei , Jinwei Chen , Yijie Lu , Shenghao Xie , Tianyu Wang , Ruiqin Xiong , Ming Lu , Shanghang Zhang

Sparse mixture of expert architectures (MoEs) scale model capacity without significant increases in training or inference costs. Despite their success, MoEs suffer from a number of issues: training instability, token dropping, inability to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Joan Puigcerver , Carlos Riquelme , Basil Mustafa , Neil Houlsby

The advancement of deep learning has led to the emergence of Mixture-of-Experts (MoEs) models, known for their dynamic allocation of computational resources based on input. Despite their promise, MoEs face challenges, particularly in terms…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Alexandre Muzio , Alex Sun , Churan He

The performance of the reward model (RM) is a critical factor in improving the effectiveness of the large language model (LLM) during alignment fine-tuning. There remain two challenges in RM training: 1) training the same RM using various…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Shanghaoran Quan

The generation and completion of 3D objects represent a transformative challenge in computer vision. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have recently demonstrated strong potential in synthesizing realistic visual data. However, they…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Yahia Hamdi , Nicolas Andrialovanirina , Kélig Mahé , Emilie Poisson Caillault

Sparse Mixture of Experts (sMoE) has become a pivotal approach for scaling large vision-language models, offering substantial capacity while maintaining computational efficiency through dynamic, sparse activation of experts. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Yongxiang Hua , Haoyu Cao , Zhou Tao , Bocheng Li , Zihao Wu , Chaohu Liu , Linli Xu

Structural re-parameterization is a general training scheme for Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which achieves performance improvement without increasing inference cost. As Vision Transformers (ViTs) are gradually surpassing CNNs in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Yongqi Huang , Peng Ye , Xiaoshui Huang , Sheng Li , Tao Chen , Tong He , Wanli Ouyang

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures achieve parameter efficiency through conditional computation, yet contemporary designs suffer from two fundamental limitations: structural parameter isolation that causes catastrophic forgetting, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Yuxing Gan , Ziyu Lei

We propose Chain-of-Experts (CoE), a new Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture that introduces sequential expert communication within each layer. Unlike traditional MoE models, where experts operate independently in parallel, CoE processes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Zihan Wang , Rui Pan , Jiarui Yao , Robert Csordas , Linjie Li , Lu Yin , Jiajun Wu , Tong Zhang , Manling Li , Shiwei Liu

Empirical scaling laws for language models have encouraged the development of ever-larger LLMs, despite their growing computational and memory costs. Sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoEs) offer a promising alternative by activating only a subset…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Zeliang Zhang , Nikhil Ghosh , Jiani Liu , Bin Yu , Xiaodong Liu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) represents an ensemble methodology that amalgamates predictions from several specialized sub-models (referred to as experts). This fusion is accomplished through a router mechanism, dynamically assigning weights to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Jinze Zhao , Peihao Wang , Zhangyang Wang

LoRA has gained widespread acceptance in the fine-tuning of large pre-trained models to cater to a diverse array of downstream tasks, showcasing notable effectiveness and efficiency, thereby solidifying its position as one of the most…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Xun Wu , Shaohan Huang , Furu Wei

Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) drives research to align its performance with full fine-tuning. However, significant challenges remain: (1) Simply increasing the rank size of LoRA does not effectively capture high-rank information, which leads…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Chuanyu Tang , Yilong Chen , Zhenyu Zhang , Junyuan Shang , Wenyuan Zhang , Yong Huang , Tingwen Liu

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have emerged as a promising direction for scaling vision architectures efficiently. Among them, Soft MoE improves training stability by assigning each token to all experts via continuous dispatch weights.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chengxi Min , Wei Wang , Yahui Liu , Weixin Ye , Enver Sangineto , Qi Wang , Yao Zhao

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) is a promising way to scale up the learning capacity of large language models. It increases the number of parameters while keeping FLOPs nearly constant during inference through sparse activation. Yet, it still…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Pingzhi Li , Xiaolong Jin , Zhen Tan , Yu Cheng , Tianlong Chen

Imposing known physical constraints, such as conservation laws, during neural network training introduces an inductive bias that can improve accuracy, reliability, convergence, and data efficiency for modeling physical dynamics. While such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Nithin Chalapathi , Yiheng Du , Aditi Krishnapriyan

Mixture-of-experts networks (MoEs) have demonstrated remarkable efficiency in modern deep learning. Despite their empirical success, the theoretical foundations underlying their ability to model complex tasks remain poorly understood. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Mingze Wang , Weinan E

In recent years, various methods have been proposed for mesh analysis, each offering distinct advantages and often excelling on different object classes. We present a novel Mixture of Experts (MoE) framework designed to harness the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Amir Belder , Ayellet Tal

Sparsely activated Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models are widely adopted to scale up model capacity without increasing the computation budget. However, vanilla TopK routers are trained in a discontinuous, non-differentiable way, limiting their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Ziteng Wang , Jun Zhu , Jianfei Chen