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Search-augmented language models combine web search with Large Language Models (LLMs) to improve response groundedness and freshness. However, analyzing these systems remains challenging: existing datasets are limited in scale and narrow in…

The effects of speaking-style variability on automatic speaker verification were investigated using the UCLA Speaker Variability database which comprises multiple speaking styles per speaker. An x-vector/PLDA (probabilistic linear…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-11 Amber Afshan , Jinxi Guo , Soo Jin Park , Vijay Ravi , Alan McCree , Abeer Alwan

Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) provides an efficient and convenient gateway to information access. However, it can cause overreliance when users blindly trust AI and accept its answers without fact-checking. Information search…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Mert Yazan , Frederik Bungaran Ishak Situmeang , Suzan Verberne

Customer support via chat requires agents to resolve customer queries with minimum wait time and maximum customer satisfaction. Given that the agents as well as the customers can have varying levels of literacy, the overall quality of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Sonal Garg , Sumanth Prabhu , Hemant Misra , G. Srinivasaraghavan

Traditional methods for eliciting people's opinions face a trade-off between depth and scale: structured surveys enable large-scale data collection but limit respondents' ability to voice their opinions in their own words, while…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Alexander Wuttke , Matthias Aßenmacher , Christopher Klamm , Max M. Lang , Quirin Würschinger , Frauke Kreuter

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) excel at perception but struggle with complex reasoning requiring precise acoustic measurements. While external tools can extract fine-grained features like exact tempo or pitch, effective integration…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Siqian Tong , Xuan Li , Yiwei Wang , Baolong Bi , Yujun Cai , Shenghua Liu , Yuchen He , Chengpeng Hao

Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs) are receiving growing research attention across domains, yet their user experience (UX) evaluation remains limited. Existing reviews largely overlook empirical UX studies, particularly in adaptive…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-07 Raj Mahmud , Yufeng Wu , Abdullah Bin Sawad , Shlomo Berkovsky , Mukesh Prasad , A. Baki Kocaballi

Evaluating the quality of multi-turn chatbot interactions remains challenging, as most existing methods assess interactions at the turn level without addressing whether a user's overarching goal was fulfilled. A ``goal'' here refers to an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Deepak Babu Piskala , Sharlene Chen , Udita Patel , Parul Kalra , Rafael Castrillo

Today, most large-scale conversational AI agents (e.g. Alexa, Siri, or Google Assistant) are built using manually annotated data to train the different components of the system. Typically, the accuracy of the ML models in these components…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-07 Pragaash Ponnusamy , Alireza Roshan Ghias , Chenlei Guo , Ruhi Sarikaya

Large language models can recognize when they are being evaluated (evaluation awareness) and behave differently because of that, which undermines the validity of safety and alignment benchmarks. We propose LURE (Live-Usage Replay…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Igor Ivanov , David Demitri Africa

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) systems are increasingly used to analyze complex policy documents, but achieving sufficient reliability for expert usage remains challenging in domains characterized by dense legal language and evolving,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Saahil Mathur , Ryan David Rittner , Vedant Ajit Thakur , Daniel Stuart Schiff , Tunazzina Islam

College students face well-being challenges driven by academic pressure, financial strain, and social expectations. While campus counseling and student-success programs offer support, access is often limited by stigma, waitlists, and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Keya Shah , Himanshi Lalwani , Hanan Salam

Nowadays, the current neural network models of dialogue generation(chatbots) show great promise for generating answers for chatty agents. But they are short-sighted in that they predict utterances one at a time while disregarding their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-19 Jabri Ismail , Aboulbichr Ahmed , El ouaazizi Aziza

Recommender systems are embracing conversational technologies to obtain user preferences dynamically, and to overcome inherent limitations of their static models. A successful Conversational Recommender System (CRS) requires proper handling…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Wenqiang Lei , Xiangnan He , Yisong Miao , Qingyun Wu , Richang Hong , Min-Yen Kan , Tat-Seng Chua

The integration of advertising auction mechanisms into large language model (LLM)-based chatbots presents a significant opportunity for commercialization, yet poses unique challenges in balancing relevance, efficiency, and user experience.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Haoran Sun , Xinrui Song , Xinyu Zhang , Zhaohua Chen , Xu Chu , Zhilin Zhang , Chuan Yu , Jian Xu , Bo Zheng , Xiaotie Deng

Providing individualized scaffolding for physics problem solving at scale remains an instructional challenge. We investigate (1) students' perceptions of a Socratic Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbot's impact on problem-solving skills and…

Physics Education · Physics 2025-08-21 Syed Furqan Abbas Hashmi , N. Sanjay Rebello

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a popular interface for human-AI interaction, supporting information seeking and task assistance through natural, multi-turn dialogue. To respond to users within multi-turn dialogues, the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-16 Fengran Mo , Yifan Gao , Sha Li , Hansi Zeng , Xin Liu , Zhaoxuan Tan , Xian Li , Jianshu Chen , Dakuo Wang , Meng Jiang

We develop a reinforcement learning based search assistant which can assist users through a set of actions and sequence of interactions to enable them realize their intent. Our approach caters to subjective search where the user is seeking…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-08-21 Milan Aggarwal , Aarushi Arora , Shagun Sodhani , Balaji Krishnamurthy

Temporal reasoning over long, multi-session dialogues is a critical capability for conversational agents. However, existing works and our pilot study have shown that as dialogue histories grow in length and accumulate noise, current…

In this work, we introduce ChatQA, a suite of models that outperform GPT-4 on retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and conversational question answering (QA). To enhance generation, we propose a two-stage instruction tuning method that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Zihan Liu , Wei Ping , Rajarshi Roy , Peng Xu , Chankyu Lee , Mohammad Shoeybi , Bryan Catanzaro