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Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promising results across various tasks, yet their reasoning capabilities remain a fundamental challenge. Developing AI systems with strong reasoning capabilities is regarded as a crucial milestone in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Xiao-Wen Yang , Jie-Jing Shao , Lan-Zhe Guo , Bo-Wen Zhang , Zhi Zhou , Lin-Han Jia , Wang-Zhou Dai , Yu-Feng Li

We investigate the ability of Vision Language Models (VLMs) to perform visual perspective taking using a new set of visual tasks inspired by established human tests. Our approach leverages carefully controlled scenes in which a single…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Gracjan Góral , Alicja Ziarko , Piotr Miłoś , Michał Nauman , Maciej Wołczyk , Michał Kosiński

Recent works have shown that Large Language Models (LLMs) could empower traditional neuro-symbolic models via programming capabilities to translate language into module descriptions, thus achieving strong visual reasoning results while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Zhenfang Chen , Rui Sun , Wenjun Liu , Yining Hong , Chuang Gan

Effectively understanding urban scenes requires fine-grained spatial reasoning about objects, layouts, and depth cues. However, how well current vision-language models (VLMs), pretrained on general scenes, transfer these abilities to urban…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Juneyoung Ro , Namwoo Kim , Yoonjin Yoon

In this article, we investigate vision-language models (VLM) as reasoners. The ability to form abstractions underlies mathematical reasoning, problem-solving, and other Math AI tasks. Several formalisms have been given to these underlying…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Denisa Roberts , Lucas Roberts

Visual reasoning is challenging, requiring both precise object grounding and understanding complex spatial relationships. Existing methods fall into two camps: language-only chain-of-thought approaches, which demand large-scale (image,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Damiano Marsili , Georgia Gkioxari

Heterogeneous multirobot systems show great potential in complex tasks requiring coordinated hybrid cooperation. However, existing methods that rely on static or task-specific models often lack generalizability across diverse tasks and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Haokun Liu , Zhaoqi Ma , Yunong Li , Junichiro Sugihara , Yicheng Chen , Jinjie Li , Moju Zhao

Robust visual localization under a wide range of viewing conditions is a fundamental problem in computer vision. Handling the difficult cases of this problem is not only very challenging but also of high practical relevance, e.g., in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-17 Johannes L. Schönberger , Marc Pollefeys , Andreas Geiger , Torsten Sattler

In this paper, we propose using deep neural architectures (i.e., vision transformers and ResNet) as heuristics for sequential decision-making in robotic manipulation problems. This formulation enables predicting the subset of objects that…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Hongyou Zhou , Ingmar Schubert , Marc Toussaint , Ozgur S. Oguz

Despite the rapid progress of multimodal large language models (MLLMs), they have largely overlooked the importance of visual processing. In a simple yet revealing experiment, we interestingly find that language-only models, when provided…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yuting Li , Lai Wei , Kaipeng Zheng , Jingyuan Huang , Guilin Li , Bo Wang , Linghe Kong , Lichao Sun , Weiran Huang

We present a Collaborative Agent-Based Framework for Multi-Image Reasoning. Our approach tackles the challenge of interleaved multimodal reasoning across diverse datasets and task formats by employing a dual-agent system: a language-based…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Angelos Vlachos , Giorgos Filandrianos , Maria Lymperaiou , Nikolaos Spanos , Ilias Mitsouras , Vasileios Karampinis , Athanasios Voulodimos

Despite recent advances in multimodal content generation enabled by vision-language models (VLMs), their ability to reason about and generate structured 3D scenes remains largely underexplored. This limitation constrains their utility in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Xinhang Liu , Yu-Wing Tai , Chi-Keung Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive progress in complex reasoning tasks, largely driven by the Chain-of-Thought (CoT) paradigm, which decomposes difficult problems into intermediate steps. However, CoT reasoning…

Symbolic Computation · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Rui Wang , Zeming Wei , Yihao Zhang , Xiaokun Luan

This study investigates the spatial reasoning capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs) through Chain-of-Thought (CoT) prompting and reinforcement learning. We begin by evaluating the impact of different prompting strategies and find…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-21 Binbin Ji , Siddharth Agrawal , Qiance Tang , Yvonne Wu

Vision-language models (VLMs) have advanced rapidly, but their ability to capture spatial relationships remains a blindspot. Current VLMs are typically built with contrastive language-image pretraining (CLIP) style image encoders. The…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Nahid Alam , Leema Krishna Murali , Siddhant Bharadwaj , Patrick Liu , Timothy Chung , Drishti Sharma , Akshata A , Kranthi Kiran , Wesley Tam , Bala Krishna S Vegesna

Geometric Problem Solving (GPS) poses a unique challenge for Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), requiring not only the joint interpretation of text and diagrams but also iterative visuospatial reasoning. While existing approaches…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Shichao Weng , Zhiqiang Wang , Yuhua Zhou , Rui Lu , Ting Liu , Zhiyang Teng , Xiaozhang Liu , Hanmeng Liu

Analogical Reasoning problems challenge both connectionist and symbolic AI systems as these entail a combination of background knowledge, reasoning and pattern recognition. While symbolic systems ingest explicit domain knowledge and perform…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Vishwa Shah , Aditya Sharma , Gautam Shroff , Lovekesh Vig , Tirtharaj Dash , Ashwin Srinivasan

Visual reasoning is dominated by end-to-end neural networks scaled to billions of model parameters and training examples. However, even the largest models struggle with compositional reasoning, generalization, fine-grained spatial and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Aleksandar Stanić , Sergi Caelles , Michael Tschannen

While Vision-Language Models (VLMs) show significant promise for end-to-end autonomous driving by leveraging the common sense embedded in language models, their reliance on 2D image cues for complex scene understanding and decision-making…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Weijie Wei , Zhipeng Luo , Ling Feng , Venice Erin Liong

Text-to-image retrieval in remote sensing (RS) has advanced rapidly with the rise of large vision-language models (LVLMs) tailored for aerial and satellite imagery, culminating in remote sensing large vision-language models (RS-LVLMS).…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Emanuele Mezzi , Gertjan Burghouts , Maarten Kruithof