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Pre-training has proven effective in addressing data scarcity and performance limitations in solving PDE problems with neural operators. However, challenges remain due to the heterogeneity of PDE datasets in equation types, which leads to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Hong Wang , Haiyang Xin , Jie Wang , Xuanze Yang , Fei Zha , Huanshuo Dong , Yan Jiang

Accurate univariate forecasting remains a pressing need in real-world systems, such as energy markets, hydrology, retail demand, and IoT monitoring, where signals are often intermittent and horizons span both short- and long-term. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Kyrylo Yemets , Mykola Lukashchuk , Ivan Izonin

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) models have shown remarkable capability in instruction tuning, especially when the number of tasks scales. However, previous methods simply merge all training tasks (e.g. creative writing, coding, and mathematics)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-18 Tong Zhu , Daize Dong , Xiaoye Qu , Jiacheng Ruan , Wenliang Chen , Yu Cheng

In a distributed mixture-of-experts (MoE) system, a server collaborates with multiple specialized expert clients to perform inference. The server extracts features from input data and dynamically selects experts based on their areas of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Qiuchen Song , Shusen Jing , Shuai Zhang , Songyang Zhang , Chuan Huang

A sparse Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture has emerged as a highly scalable solution by conditionally activating sub-modules without a proportional increase in computational costs. However, improving expert specialization to enhance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Sugyeong Eo , Jungjun Lee , Chanjun Park , Heuiseok Lim

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) presents a naturally compatible and scalable framework for multimodal learning, demonstrating strong adaptability across diverse modalities and tasks. Despite its growing success, a comprehensive and systematic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Liangwei Nathan Zheng , Wei Emma Zhang , Olaf Maennel , Lin Yue , Weitong Chen

Mixture of Experts (MoE) architectures have demonstrated remarkable success in scaling neural networks, yet their application to continual learning remains fundamentally limited by a critical vulnerability: the learned gating network itself…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Dev Vyas

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures decompose prediction tasks into specialized expert sub-networks selected by a gating mechanism. This letter adopts a communication-theoretic view of MoE gating, modeling the gate as a stochastic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-27 Ali Khalesi , Mohammad Reza Deylam Salehi

Mixture-of-experts (MoE) model incorporates the power of multiple submodels via gating functions to achieve greater performance in numerous regression and classification applications. From a theoretical perspective, while there have been…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-25 Huy Nguyen , Pedram Akbarian , TrungTin Nguyen , Nhat Ho

As machine learning models in critical fields increasingly grapple with multimodal data, they face the dual challenges of handling a wide array of modalities, often incomplete due to missing elements, and the temporal irregularity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Xing Han , Huy Nguyen , Carl Harris , Nhat Ho , Suchi Saria

Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved astonishing successes in many domains, especially with the recent breakthroughs in the development of foundational large models. These large models, leveraging their extensive training data, provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Siyuan Mu , Sen Lin

Empowering Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) with image generation often leads to catastrophic forgetting in understanding tasks due to severe gradient conflicts. While existing paradigms like Mixture-of-Transformers (MoT) mitigate this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Xiangyue Liu , Zijian Zhang , Miles Yang , Zhao Zhong , Liefeng Bo , Ping Tan

Mixture of experts (MoE) has recently emerged as an effective framework to advance the efficiency and scalability of machine learning models by softly dividing complex tasks among multiple specialized sub-models termed experts. Central to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-06 Huy Nguyen , Nhat Ho , Alessandro Rinaldo

Sparsely-activated Mixture-of-experts (MoE) models allow the number of parameters to greatly increase while keeping the amount of computation for a given token or a given sample unchanged. However, a poor expert routing strategy (e.g. one…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-17 Yanqi Zhou , Tao Lei , Hanxiao Liu , Nan Du , Yanping Huang , Vincent Zhao , Andrew Dai , Zhifeng Chen , Quoc Le , James Laudon

This work introduces a novel interpretable machine learning method called Mixture of Decision Trees (MoDT). It constitutes a special case of the Mixture of Experts ensemble architecture, which utilizes a linear model as gating function and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Simeon Brüggenjürgen , Nina Schaaf , Pascal Kerschke , Marco F. Huber

The Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture enables a significant increase in the total number of model parameters with minimal computational overhead. However, it is not clear what performance tradeoffs, if any, exist between MoEs and…

Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures combine specialized predictors through a learned gate and are effective across regression and classification, but for classification with softmax multinomial-logistic gating, rigorous guarantees for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 TrungKhang Tran , TrungTin Nguyen , Md Abul Bashar , Nhat Ho , Richi Nayak , Christopher Drovandi

Rapid advancements in deep learning have led to many recent breakthroughs. While deep learning models achieve superior performance, often statistically better than humans, their adoption into safety-critical settings, such as healthcare or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Marko Vasic , Andrija Petrovic , Kaiyuan Wang , Mladen Nikolic , Rishabh Singh , Sarfraz Khurshid

Unified image generation and editing models suffer from severe task interference in dense diffusion transformers architectures, where a shared parameter space must compromise between conflicting objectives (e.g., local editing v.s.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Yu Xu , Hongbin Yan , Juan Cao , Yiji Cheng , Tiankai Hang , Runze He , Zijin Yin , Shiyi Zhang , Yuxin Zhang , Jintao Li , Chunyu Wang , Qinglin Lu , Tong-Yee Lee , Fan Tang

Sparsely Mixture of Experts (MoE) has received great interest due to its promising scaling capability with affordable computational overhead. MoE converts dense layers into sparse experts, and utilizes a gated routing network to make…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Yuan Xie , Shaohan Huang , Tianyu Chen , Furu Wei