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High-voltage direct current (HVDC) is a commonly used technology for long-distance electric power transmission, mainly due to its low resistive losses. In this paper a distributed controller for multi-terminal high-voltage direct current…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-12-15 Martin Andreasson , Dimos V. Dimarogonas , Henrik Sandberg , Karl H. Johansson

This paper proposes a recursive, virtual admittance based, secondary controller for DG units that improves the voltage profile in distribution networks. First, the adaptation of the virtual admittance concept for the goal of voltage…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-06 Dionysios Moutevelis , Javier Roldan-Perez , Njegos Jankovic , Milan Prodanovic

This paper considers the problem of voltage regulation in distribution networks. The primary motivation is to keep voltages within preassigned operating limits by commanding the reactive power output of distributed energy resources (DERs)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-08-22 Guido Cavraro , Zhenyi Yuan , Manish K. Singh , Jorge Cortés

This paper presents a decentralized volt-var optimization (VVO) and network reconfiguration strategy to address the challenges arising from the growing integration of distributed energy resources, particularly photovoltaic (PV) generation…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-10 Geunyeong Byeon , Kibaek Kim

Small-signal stability of modern converter-dominated power systems has been the subject of extensive research, particularly from the perspective of device-level control design for grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) converters.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-09 Maitraya Avadhut Desai , Ognjen Stanojev , Simon Muntwiler , Gabriela Hug

The existing decentralized control for cascaded inverters is based on the assumption that all modules have same capacities, and a local fixed-amplitude-varied-phase voltage control is adopted for each inverter module. However, available…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-21 Xiaochao Hou , Yao Sun , Xin Zhang , Jinsong He , Josep Pou

One of the major challenges of voltage stabilization in converter-based DC microgrids are the multiple interacting units displaying intermittent supply behavior. In this paper, we address this by a decentralized scalable, plug-and-play…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-02-13 Felix Strehle , Martin Pfeifer , Albertus Johannes Malan , Stefan Krebs , Sören Hohmann

There is a trade-off between transient performance and line current distortion of the DC bus voltage control of single-phase grid-connected voltage source converters. This paper presents an improved DC bus voltage control scheme of such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-30 Sakda Somkun , Viboon Chunkag

This paper proposes a disturbance-observer-based control (DOBC) scheme for frequency and voltage regulation for a renewable energy sources (RES) integrated power systems. The proposed approach acts a feed-forward control which improves the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-03 Himanshu Grover , Ashu Verma , T. S. Bhatti

Stability guarantees are critical for cycle-by-cycle controlled dc-dc converters in consumer electronics and energy storage systems. Traditional stability analysis on cycle-by-cycle dc-dc converters is incomplete because the inductor…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Xiaofan Cui , Al-Thaddeus Avestruz

Grid-interfacing inverters serve as the interface between renewable energy resources and the electric power grid, offering fast, programmable control capabilities. However, their operation is constrained by hardware limitations, such as…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-16 Trager Joswig-Jones , Baosen Zhang

Grid-forming inverter-based autonomous microgrids present new operational challenges as the stabilizing rotational inertia of synchronous machines is absent. The design of efficient control policies for grid-forming inverters is, however, a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-01-18 Yemi Ojo , Jeremy D. Watson , Khaled Laib , Ioannis Lestas

As modern power systems continue to evolve into multi-agent, converter-dominated systems that demand reliable, stable, and optimal control architectures within an expandable framework, this paper investigates scalable stability guarantees…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-24 Cornelia Skaga , Mahdieh S. Sadabadi , Gilbert Bergna-Diaz

This paper demonstrates the key features of a control system applicable to inverter-based resources (IBR), which is based on grid-forming technology. Such resources are classified as grid-forming or grid-following converters based on the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Yangyadatta Tripathy , Barjeev Tyagi

The electric grid is undergoing a major transition from fossil fuel-based power generation to renewable energy sources, typically interfaced to the grid via power electronics. The future power systems are thus expected to face increased…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-13 Ognjen Stanojev , Ognjen Kundacina , Uros Markovic , Evangelos Vrettos , Petros Aristidou , Gabriela Hug

Distribution networks face challenges from the increasing deployment of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and the emergence of bidirectional power flows. We propose a decentralized Volt/VAr control method based on a saddle-point…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-12 Diana Vieira Fernandes , Soummya Kar , Carlos Santos Silva

The energy transition introduces more volatile energy sources into the power grids. In this context, power transfer between different synchronous areas through High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) links becomes increasingly important. Such…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-16 Sebastian Pütz , Benjamin Schäfer , Dirk Witthaut , Johannes Kruse

High voltage direct current links based on voltage source converters (VSC-HVDC) embedded in alternating current (AC) systems are receiving a great deal of attention recently because they can contribute positively to the flexibilisation of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-05-03 Javier Renedo , Lukas Sigrist , Luis Rouco , Aurelio Garcia-Cerrada

High-voltage direct current (HVDC) is an increasingly commonly used technology for long-distance electric power transmission, mainly due to its low resistive losses. In this paper the voltage-droop method (VDM) is reviewed, and three novel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-12-14 Martin Andreasson , Dimos V. Dimarogonas , Henrik Sandberg , Karl H. Johansson

Introduction of renewable generation leads to significant reduction of inertia in power system, which deteriorates the quality of frequency control. This paper suggests a new control scheme utilizing controllable load to deal with low…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2018-11-30 Oleg O. Khamisov , Janusz W. Bialek , Anatoly Dymarsky