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There is no unique way to encode a quantum algorithm into a quantum circuit. With limited qubit counts, connectivities, and coherence times, circuit optimization is essential to make the best use of near-term quantum devices. We introduce…

Quantum computing has the potential to improve our ability to solve certain optimization problems that are computationally difficult for classical computers, by offering new algorithmic approaches that may provide speedups under specific…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-24 Ilya Tyagin , Marwa H. Farag , Kyle Sherbert , Karunya Shirali , Yuri Alexeev , Ilya Safro

In recent years, Quantum Computing (QC) has progressed to the point where small working prototypes are available for use. Termed Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computers, these prototypes are too small for large benchmarks or even…

There is increasing interest in the development of gate-based quantum circuits for the training of machine learning models. Yet, little is understood concerning the parameters of circuit design, and the effects of noise and other…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-14 Patrick Selig , Niall Murphy , Ashwin Sundareswaran R , David Redmond , Simon Caton

The limitations of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices have motivated the development of Variational Quantum Algorithms (VQAs), which are designed to potentially achieve quantum advantage for specific tasks. Quantum Architecture…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-17 Junjian Su , Jiacheng Fan , Shengyao Wu , Guanghui Li , Sujuan Qin , Fei Gao

Current quantum devices have unutilized high-level quantum resources. More and more attention has been paid to the qudit quantum systems with larger than two dimensions to maximize the potential computing power of quantum computation. Then,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-04-18 Shuai Yang , Lihao Xu , Guojing Tian , Xiaoming Sun

The rapid development of noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices has raised the question of whether or not these devices will find commercial use. Unfortunately, a major shortcoming of many proposed NISQ-amenable algorithms, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-10-22 Amara Katabarwa , Alex Kunitsa , Borja Peropadre , Peter Johnson

Quantum computing leverages the unique properties of qubits and quantum parallelism to solve problems intractable for classical systems, offering unparalleled computational potential. However, the optimization of quantum circuits remains…

Quantum noise in real-world devices poses a significant challenge in achieving practical quantum advantage, since accurately compiled and executed circuits are typically deep and highly susceptible to decoherence. To facilitate the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-13 Yuchen Guo , Shuo Yang

Quantum programs are designed to run on quantum computers, leveraging quantum circuits to solve problems that are intractable for classical machines. As quantum computing advances, ensuring the reliability of quantum programs has become…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-08 Tiancheng Jin , Shangzhou Xia , Jianjun Zhao

Neutral atom Quantum Processing Units (QPUs) are emerging as a popular quantum computing technology due to their large qubit counts and flexible connectivity. However, performance challenges arise as large circuits experience significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-19 Francisco Romão , Daniel Vonk , Emmanuil Giortamis , Dennis Sprokholt , Pramod Bhatotia

Quantum algorithms offer an exponential speedup over classical algorithms for a range of computational problems. The fundamental mechanisms underlying quantum computation required the development and construction of quantum computers. These…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Shane Sweeney , Krishnendu Guha

Designing a qubit architecture is one of the most critical challenges in achieving scalable and fault-tolerant quantum computing as the performance of a quantum computer is heavily dependent on the coherence times, connectivity and low…

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) offer the most promising path to obtaining quantum advantages via noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) processors. Such systems leverage classical optimization to tune the parameters of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-26 Sharu Theresa Jose , Osvaldo Simeone

Quantum computing holds immense potential, yet its practical success depends on multiple factors, including advances in quantum circuit design. In this paper, we introduce a generative approach based on denoising diffusion models (DMs) to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-24 Daniel Barta , Darya Martyniuk , Johannes Jung , Adrian Paschke

In the noisy intermediate-scale quantum era, variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) have emerged as a promising avenue to obtain quantum advantage. However, the success of VQAs depends on the expressive power of parameterised quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-15 Yingli Yang , Zongkang Zhang , Anbang Wang , Xiaosi Xu , Xiaoting Wang , Ying Li

The rapid emergence of quantum technology has raised new challenges in distinguishing various quantum circuits of similar functions. In this work, we propose parallel quantum embedding neural network (ParaQuanNet) for the efficient…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-12 Zheping Wu , Xiaopeng Huang , Hengyue Jia , Haobin Shi , Wei-Wei Zhang

In fault-tolerant quantum computing, a large number of physical qubits are required to construct a single logical qubit, and a single quantum node may be able to hold only a small number of logical qubits. In such a case, the idea of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-15 Soshun Naito , Yasunari Suzuki , Yuuki Tokunaga

Quantum computing has made significant advancements in the last years in both hardware and software. Unfortunately, the currently available Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) hardware is still heavily affected by noise. Many…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-09-04 Tobias Forster , Nils Quetschlich , Robert Wille

Currently available quantum computing hardware platforms have limited 2-qubit connectivity among their addressable qubits. In order to run a generic quantum algorithm on such a platform, one has to transform the initial logical quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-04-28 Beatrice Nash , Vlad Gheorghiu , Michele Mosca