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Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) plays a crucial role in identifying abnormal patterns within data without labeled examples, holding significant practical implications across various domains. Although the individual contributions of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Zeyu Fang , Ming Gu , Sheng Zhou , Jiawei Chen , Qiaoyu Tan , Haishuai Wang , Jiajun Bu

Anomaly detection is widely used in a broad range of domains from cybersecurity to manufacturing, finance, and so on. Deep learning based anomaly detection has recently drawn much attention because of its superior capability of recognizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Ronit Das , Tie Luo

Lesion detection in brain Magnetic Resonance Images (MRIs) remains a challenging task. MRIs are typically read and interpreted by domain experts, which is a tedious and time-consuming process. Recently, unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-01 Marcel Bengs , Finn Behrendt , Max-Heinrich Laves , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Alexander Schlaefer

In industry, machine anomalous sound detection (ASD) is in great demand. However, collecting enough abnormal samples is difficult due to the high cost, which boosts the rapid development of unsupervised ASD algorithms. Autoencoder (AE)…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Yifan Zhou , Dongxing Xu , Haoran Wei , Yanhua Long

We consider the paradigm of unsupervised anomaly detection, which involves the identification of anomalies within a dataset in the absence of labeled examples. Though distance-based methods are top-performing for unsupervised anomaly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-04 Yuchao Cai , Hanfang Yang , Yuheng Ma , Hanyuan Hang

Anomaly detection is a key goal of autonomous surveillance systems that should be able to alert unusual observations. In this paper, we propose a holistic anomaly detection system using deep neural networks for surveillance of critical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-06 Ilker Bozcan , Erdal Kayacan

Unsupervised graph anomaly detection (GAD) has received increasing attention in recent years, which aims to identify data anomalous patterns utilizing only unlabeled node information from graph-structured data. However, prevailing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Jiazhen Chen , Xiuqin Liang , Sichao Fu , Zheng Ma , Weihua Ou

The detection of previously unseen network attacks remains a major challenge for intrusion detection systems. Although supervised learning methods often perform well on known attack classes, they are limited when new attack types are not…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Saif Alzubi , Frederic Stahl

Traditional deep learning models often lack annotated data, especially in cross-domain applications such as anomaly detection, which is critical for early disease diagnosis in medicine and defect detection in industry. To address this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Wahyu Rahmaniar , Kenji Suzuki

Unsupervised Anomaly Detection (UAD) methods rely on healthy data distributions to identify anomalies as outliers. In brain MRI, a common approach is reconstruction-based UAD, where generative models reconstruct healthy brain MRIs, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-18 Finn Behrendt , Debayan Bhattacharya , Robin Mieling , Lennart Maack , Julia Krüger , Roland Opfer , Alexander Schlaefer

Anomaly detection in images plays a significant role for many applications across all industries, such as disease diagnosis in healthcare or quality assurance in manufacturing. Manual inspection of images, when extended over a monotonously…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-21 Vincent Wilmet , Sauraj Verma , Tabea Redl , Håkon Sandaker , Zhenning Li

Outlier detection is an important data mining task with numerous practical applications such as intrusion detection, credit card fraud detection, and video surveillance. However, given a specific complicated task with big data, the process…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-23 Yuening Li , Zhengzhang Chen , Daochen Zha , Kaixiong Zhou , Haifeng Jin , Haifeng Chen , Xia Hu

Electrocardiography (ECG) is a non-invasive tool for predicting cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Current ECG-based diagnosis systems show promising performance owing to the rapid development of deep learning techniques. However, the label…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-21 Rushuang Zhou , Lei Lu , Zijun Liu , Ting Xiang , Zhen Liang , David A. Clifton , Yining Dong , Yuan-Ting Zhang

Large scale datasets created from crowdsourced labels or openly available data have become crucial to provide training data for large scale learning algorithms. While these datasets are easier to acquire, the data are frequently noisy and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-03 Rodrigo Caye Daudt , Bertrand Le Saux , Alexandre Boulch , Yann Gousseau

A large number of studies on Graph Outlier Detection (GOD) have emerged in recent years due to its wide applications, in which Unsupervised Node Outlier Detection (UNOD) on attributed networks is an important area. UNOD focuses on detecting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Yihong Huang , Liping Wang , Fan Zhang , Xuemin Lin

Reasonably and effectively monitoring arrhythmias through ECG signals has significant implications for human health. With the development of deep learning, numerous ECG classification algorithms based on deep learning have emerged. However,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-28 Ninghao Pu , Zhongxing Wu , Ao Wang , Hanshi Sun , Zijin Liu , Hao Liu

Unlike conventional anomaly detection research that focuses on point anomalies, our goal is to detect anomalous collections of individual data points. In particular, we perform group anomaly detection (GAD) with an emphasis on irregular…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-04-16 Raghavendra Chalapathy , Edward Toth , Sanjay Chawla

Due to the scarcity and unpredictable nature of defect samples, industrial anomaly detection (IAD) predominantly employs unsupervised learning. However, all unsupervised IAD methods face a common challenge: the inherent bias in normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-12 Xin Chen , Liujuan Cao , Shengchuan Zhang , Xiewu Zheng , Yan Zhang

Noise-inclusive fully unsupervised anomaly detection (FUAD) holds significant practical relevance. Although various methods exist to address this problem, they are limited in both performance and scalability. Our work seeks to overcome…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-19 Chengming Liu , Fengjie Wang , Lei Shi , Zhe Zhao

Visual Anomaly Detection (VAD) is a key task in industrial settings, where minimizing operational costs is essential. Deploying deep learning models within Internet of Things (IoT) environments introduces specific challenges due to limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-15 Arianna Stropeni , Francesco Borsatti , Manuel Barusco , Davide Dalle Pezze , Marco Fabris , Gian Antonio Susto