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In this paper, we consider lower bounds on the query complexity for testing CSPs in the bounded-degree model. First, for any ``symmetric'' predicate $P:{0,1}^{k} \to {0,1}$ except \equ where $k\geq 3$, we show that every (randomized)…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2010-07-21 Yuichi Yoshida

Populations are made up of an integer number of individuals and are subject to stochastic birth-death processes whose rates may vary in time. Useful quantities, like the chance of ultimate fixation, satisfy an appropriate difference…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-07-22 Jayant Pande , Nadav M. Shnerb

We study the evolution of offspring sex ratios using a game-theoretical model in which the decision to have another child depends on the sex of the previous child. Motivated by higher male infant mortality and the tendency to try again…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-07-16 Nahyeon Lee , Ulf Dieckmann , Hyeong-Chai Jeong

In their recent preprint arXiv:2101.08308, Robert Dougherty-Bliss, Christoph Koutschan and Doron Zeilberger come up with a powerful strategy to prove the irrationality, in a quantitative form, of some numbers that are given as multiple…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2023-04-04 Wadim Zudilin

Bulatov (2008) gave a dichotomy for the counting constraint satisfaction problem #CSP. A problem from #CSP is characterised by a constraint language, which is a fixed, finite set of relations over a finite domain D. An instance of the…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2011-08-18 Martin Dyer , David Richerby

Hierarchical Clustering is a popular unsupervised machine learning method with decades of history and numerous applications. We initiate the study of differentially private approximation algorithms for hierarchical clustering under the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Jacob Imola , Alessandro Epasto , Mohammad Mahdian , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Vahab Mirrokni

We consider a population of particles with unit life length. Dying each particle produces offspring whose size depends on the random environment specifying the reproduction law of all particles of the given generation and on the number of…

Probability · Mathematics 2018-12-27 V. A. Vatutin , E. E. Dyakonova

We study distributionally robust chance-constrained programs (DRCCPs) with individual chance constraints under a Wasserstein ambiguity. The DRCCPs treat the risk tolerances associated with the distributionally robust chance constraints…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-25 Yiling Zhang

A new version of a strong law of large numbers for a ``good'' pairwise independent sequence of random variables (r.v.'s) with a small part of ``bad'' dependent r.v.'s is proposed. The main goal is to relax the assumption on the existence of…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-06-10 I. V. Kozlov , A. Yu. Veretennikov

The problem addressed concerns the determination of the average number of successive attempts of guessing a word of a certain length consisting of letters with given probabilities of occurrence. Both first- and second-order approximations…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-19 Kerstin Andersson

It is well known that every finite simple group can be generated by two elements and this leads to a wide range of problems that have been the focus of intensive research in recent years. In this survey article we discuss some of the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Timothy C. Burness

The dynamics of a population exhibiting exponential growth can be modelled as a birth-death process, which naturally captures the stochastic variation in population size over time. In this article, we consider a supercritical birth-death…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-07 Anastasia Ignatieva , Jotun Hein , Paul A. Jenkins

We consider the probability $p(S_n)$ that a pair of random permutations generates either the alternating group $A_n$ or the symmetric group $S_n$. Dixon (1969) proved that $p(S_n)$ approaches $1$ as $n\to\infty$ and conjectured that…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2017-07-14 Sean Eberhard , Stefan-Christoph Virchow

We use partitions to provide some formulae for counting s-collisions and other events in various forms of the Birthday Problem.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-21 Rob Burns , Jen McKenzie

We address the problem of clustering words (or constructing a thesaurus) based on co-occurrence data, and using the acquired word classes to improve the accuracy of syntactic disambiguation. We view this problem as that of estimating a…

cmp-lg · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Hang Li , Naoki Abe

A collaborative distributed binary decision problem is considered. Two statisticians are required to declare the correct probability measure of two jointly distributed memoryless process, denoted by $X^n=(X_1,\dots,X_n)$ and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-04-11 Gil Katz , Pablo Piantanida , Merouane Debbah

This paper studies a distributionally robust chance constrained program (DRCCP) with Wasserstein ambiguity set, where the uncertain constraints should be satisfied with a probability at least a given threshold for all the probability…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-17 Weijun Xie

Recently we have introduced a novel characterisation of the distribution of twin primes that consists of three essential elements. These are: that the twins are most naturally viewed as a subsequence of the primes themselves, that the…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2007-05-23 P. F. Kelly , Terry Pilling

Cohn and Umans proposed a framework for developing fast matrix multiplication algorithms based on the embedding computation in certain groups algebras. In subsequent work with Kleinberg and Szegedy, they connected this to the search for…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Matthew Anderson , Zongliang Ji , Anthony Yang Xu

Computing and storing probabilities is a hard problem as soon as one has to deal with complex distributions over multiple random variables. The problem of efficient representation of probability distributions is central in term of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2016-08-16 David Bellot , Pierre Bessiere