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Contrastive learning between multiple views of the data has recently achieved state of the art performance in the field of self-supervised representation learning. Despite its success, the influence of different view choices has been less…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Yonglong Tian , Chen Sun , Ben Poole , Dilip Krishnan , Cordelia Schmid , Phillip Isola

Perceiving the similarity between images has been a long-standing and fundamental problem underlying various visual generation tasks. Predominant approaches measure the inter-image distance by computing pointwise absolute deviations, which…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Fangneng Zhan , Jiahui Zhang , Yingchen Yu , Rongliang Wu , Shijian Lu

Learning from noisy labels is a critical challenge in machine learning, with vast implications for numerous real-world scenarios. While supervised contrastive learning has recently emerged as a powerful tool for navigating label noise, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Jingyi Cui , Yi-Ge Zhang , Hengyu Liu , Yisen Wang

Variational mutual information (MI) estimators are widely used in unsupervised representation learning methods such as contrastive predictive coding (CPC). A lower bound on MI can be obtained from a multi-class classification problem, where…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-04 Jiaming Song , Stefano Ermon

Contrastive learning has achieved remarkable success in self-supervised representation learning, often guided by information-theoretic objectives such as mutual information maximization. Motivated by the limitations of static augmentations…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Jiansong Zhang , Zhuoqin Yang , Xu Wu , Xiaoling Luo , Peizhong Liu , Linlin Shen

Traditional supervised learning with deep neural networks requires a tremendous amount of labelled data to converge to a good solution. For 3D medical images, it is often impractical to build a large homogeneous annotated dataset for a…

Unsupervised person re-identification (ReID) aims at learning discriminative identity features without annotations. Recently, self-supervised contrastive learning has gained increasing attention for its effectiveness in unsupervised…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Hao Chen , Benoit Lagadec , Francois Bremond

The sequential recommendation aims to recommend items, such as products, songs and places, to users based on the sequential patterns of their historical records. Most existing sequential recommender models consider the next item prediction…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-14 Ruihong Qiu , Zi Huang , Hongzhi Yin

What matters for contrastive learning? We argue that contrastive learning heavily relies on informative features, or "hard" (positive or negative) features. Early works include more informative features by applying complex data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Jiangmeng Li , Wenwen Qiang , Changwen Zheng , Bing Su , Hui Xiong

Although synthetic data has changed various aspects of information retrieval (IR) pipelines, the main training paradigm remains: contrastive learning with binary relevance labels, where one positive document is compared against several…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Reza Esfandiarpoor , George Zerveas , Ruochen Zhang , Macton Mgonzo , Carsten Eickhoff , Stephen H. Bach

The objective of this paper is visual-only self-supervised video representation learning. We make the following contributions: (i) we investigate the benefit of adding semantic-class positives to instance-based Info Noise Contrastive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-13 Tengda Han , Weidi Xie , Andrew Zisserman

This paper proposes a method for representation learning of multimodal data using contrastive losses. A traditional approach is to contrast different modalities to learn the information shared between them. However, that approach could fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Yunze Liu , Qingnan Fan , Shanghang Zhang , Hao Dong , Thomas Funkhouser , Li Yi

Contrastive representation learning has proven to be an effective self-supervised learning method for images and videos. Most successful approaches are based on Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) and use different views of an instance as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Julien Denize , Jaonary Rabarisoa , Astrid Orcesi , Romain Hérault

Noise Contrastive Estimation (NCE) has fueled major breakthroughs in representation learning and generative modeling. Yet a long-standing challenge remains: accurately estimating ratios between distributions that differ substantially, which…

Contrastive Learning (CL) performances as a rising approach to address the challenge of sparse and noisy recommendation data. Although having achieved promising results, most existing CL methods only perform either hand-crafted data or…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Xiuyuan Qin , Huanhuan Yuan , Pengpeng Zhao , Junhua Fang , Fuzhen Zhuang , Guanfeng Liu , Victor Sheng

Modern recommendation systems fuse user behavior graphs and review texts but often encounter a "Fusion Gap" caused by False Negatives, Popularity Bias, and Signal Ambiguity. We propose SymCERE (Symmetric NCE), a contrastive learning…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Toyotaro Suzumura , Hisashi Ikari , Hiroki Kanezashi , Md Mostafizur Rahman , Yu Hirate

Inspired by the success of contrastive learning, we systematically examine recommendation losses, including listwise (softmax), pairwise (BPR), and pointwise (MSE and CCL) losses. In this endeavor, we introduce InfoNCE+, an optimized…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Dong Li , Ruoming Jin , Bin Ren

Learning invariant representations is a critical first step in a number of machine learning tasks. A common approach corresponds to the so-called information bottleneck principle in which an application dependent function of mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-17 Aditya Kumar Akash , Vishnu Suresh Lokhande , Sathya N. Ravi , Vikas Singh

The enhancement of unsupervised learning of sentence representations has been significantly achieved by the utility of contrastive learning. This approach clusters the augmented positive instance with the anchor instance to create a desired…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Qingfa Xiao , Shuangyin Li , Lei Chen

In contemporary self-supervised contrastive algorithms like SimCLR, MoCo, etc., the task of balancing attraction between two semantically similar samples and repulsion between two samples of different classes is primarily affected by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Siladittya Manna , Soumitri Chattopadhyay , Rakesh Dey , Saumik Bhattacharya , Umapada Pal