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Biological tissues are composed of discrete compartments of biochemical media that often exhibit subtle differences in refractive index. Light propagating through these compartments partially diffracts in a forward direction with a pi/2…

Optics · Physics 2025-05-12 Gregory N. McKay , Jerome Mertz , Nicholas J. Durr

Decoding visual stimuli from neural responses recorded by functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) presents an intriguing intersection between cognitive neuroscience and machine learning, promising advancements in understanding human…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Jingyuan Sun , Mingxiao Li , Zijiao Chen , Yunhao Zhang , Shaonan Wang , Marie-Francine Moens

Reconstructing visual stimulus (image) only from human brain activity measured with functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) is a significant and meaningful task in Human-AI collaboration. However, the inconsistent distribution and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-23 Ziqi Ren , Jie Li , Xuetong Xue , Xin Li , Fan Yang , Zhicheng Jiao , Xinbo Gao

Reconstructing visual stimuli from human brain activities provides a promising opportunity to advance our understanding of the brain's visual system and its connection with computer vision models. Although deep generative models have been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jingyuan Sun , Mingxiao Li , Marie-Francine Moens

Biomedical image classification requires capturing of bio-informatics based on specific feature distribution. In most of such applications, there are mainly challenges due to limited availability of samples for diseased cases and imbalanced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-23 Arun K. Sharma , Nishchal K. Verma

Advances in neuroscience and artificial intelligence have enabled preliminary decoding of brain activity. However, despite the progress, the interpretability of neural representations remains limited. A significant challenge arises from the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Hasib Aslam , Muhammad Talal Faiz , Muhammad Imran Malik

Using recent advances in generative artificial intelligence (AI) brought by diffusion models, this paper introduces a new synergistic method for spectral computed tomography (CT) reconstruction. Diffusion models define a neural network to…

Removing noise from images is a challenging and fundamental problem in the field of computer vision. Images captured by modern cameras are inevitably degraded by noise which limits the accuracy of any quantitative measurements on those…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-13 Nikhil Verma , Deepkamal Kaur , Lydia Chau

The brain is a highly complex organ that manages many important tasks, including movement, memory and thinking. Brain-related conditions, like tumors and degenerative disorders, can be hard to diagnose and treat. Magnetic Resonance Imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Shuvashis Sarker , Shamim Rahim Refat , Faika Fairuj Preotee , Shifat Islam , Tashreef Muhammad , Mohammad Ashraful Hoque

Reconstructing visual stimuli from functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging fMRI enables fine-grained retrieval of brain activity. However, the accurate reconstruction of diverse details, including structure, background, texture, color, and…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Haoyu Li , Hao Wu , Badong Chen

We introduce a self-supervised vision representation model BEiT, which stands for Bidirectional Encoder representation from Image Transformers. Following BERT developed in the natural language processing area, we propose a masked image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Hangbo Bao , Li Dong , Songhao Piao , Furu Wei

Combining Functional MRI (fMRI) data across different subjects and datasets is crucial for many neuroscience tasks. Relying solely on shared anatomy for brain-to-brain mapping is inadequate. Existing functional transformation methods thus…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-03-18 Navve Wasserman , Roman Beliy , Roy Urbach , Michal Irani

The accelerated MRI reconstruction process presents a challenging ill-posed inverse problem due to the extensive under-sampling in k-space. Recently, Vision Transformers (ViTs) have become the mainstream for this task, demonstrating…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Yucong Meng , Zhiwei Yang , Yonghong Shi , Zhijian Song

Recent fMRI-to-image approaches mainly focused on associating fMRI signals with specific conditions of pre-trained diffusion models. These approaches, while producing high-quality images, capture only a limited aspect of the complex…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Jingyang Huo , Yikai Wang , Xuelin Qian , Yun Wang , Chong Li , Jianfeng Feng , Yanwei Fu

Analyzing and reconstructing visual stimuli from brain signals effectively advances the understanding of human visual system. However, the EEG signals are complex and contain significant noise. This leads to substantial limitations in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Honghao Fu , Zhiqi Shen , Jing Jih Chin , Hao Wang

Ultrasound is a widely accessible and cost-effective medical imaging tool commonly used for prenatal evaluation of the fetal brain. However, it has limitations, particularly in the third trimester, where the complexity of the fetal brain…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-04 Naomi Silverstein , Efrat Leibowitz , Ron Beloosesky , Haim Azhari

Decoding human brain activities via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has gained increasing attention in recent years. While encouraging results have been reported in brain states classification tasks, reconstructing the details…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-07-12 Changde Du , Changying Du , Huiguang He

Humans possess remarkable ability to accurately classify new, unseen images after being exposed to only a few examples. Such ability stems from their capacity to identify common features shared between new and previously seen images while…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Weihao Jiang , Chang Liu , Kun He

Large-scale fine-grained image retrieval (FGIR) aims to retrieve images belonging to the same subcategory as a given query by capturing subtle differences in a large-scale setting. Recently, Vision Transformers (ViT) have been employed in…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Xin Jiang , Hao Tang , Yonghua Pan , Zechao Li

Recent advancements in deep learning have enabled the development of generalizable models that achieve state-of-the-art performance across various imaging tasks. Vision Transformer (ViT)-based architectures, in particular, have demonstrated…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-11 Guoyao Shen , Mengyu Li , Stephan Anderson , Chad W. Farris , Xin Zhang