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Software updates reduce the opportunity for exploitation. However, since updates can also introduce breaking changes, enterprises face the problem of balancing the need to secure software with updates with the need to support operations. We…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-26 Giorgio Di Tizio , Michele Armellini , Fabio Massacci

Cyber attacks on the healthcare industry can have tremendous consequences and the attack surface expands continuously. In order to handle the steadily rising workload, an expanding amount of analog processes in healthcare institutions is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-20 Patrizia Heinl , Andrius Patapovas , Michael Pilgermann

A cyber range is a realistic simulation of an organization's network infrastructure, commonly used for cyber security training purposes. It provides a safe environment to assess competencies in both offensive and defensive techniques. An…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Francesco Caturano , Nicola d'Ambrosio , Gaetano Perrone , Luigi Previdente , Simon Pietro Romano

Advanced AI systems offer substantial benefits but also introduce risks. In 2025, AI-enabled cyber offense has emerged as a concrete example. This technical report applies a quantitative risk modeling methodology (described in full in a…

Honeypots are deception systems that emulate vulnerable services to collect threat intelligence. While deploying many honeypots increases the opportunity to observe attacker behaviour, in practise network and computational resources limit…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Federico Mirra , Matteo Boffa , Idilio Drago , Danilo Giordano , Marco Mellia

With the success of the Cyber Grand Challenge (CGC) sponsored by DARPA, the topic of Autonomous Cyber Reasoning System (CRS) has recently attracted extensive attention from both industry and academia. Utilizing automated system to detect,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-05-31 Tiantian Ji , Yue Wu , Chang Wang , Xi Zhang , Zhongru Wang

Background: Cyber offences, such as hacking, malware creation and distribution, and online fraud, present a substantial threat to organizations attempting to safeguard their data and information. By understanding the evolving…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Claudia Peersman , Emma Williams , Matthew Edwards , Awais Rashid

The critical assessment presented within this paper explores existing research pertaining to the Advanced Persistent Threat (APT) branch of cyber security, applying the knowledge extracted from this research to discuss, evaluate and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-23 Mohammad Bilal Khan

Banking Trojans, botnets are primary drivers of financially-motivated cybercrime. In this paper, we first analyzed how an APT-based banking botnet works step by step through the whole lifecycle. Specifically, we present a multi-stage system…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Li Ling , Zhiqiang Gao , Michael A Silas , Ian Lee , Erwan A Le Doeuff

Cyber threats continue to evolve in complexity, thereby traditional Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) methods struggle to keep pace. AI offers a potential solution, automating and enhancing various tasks, from data ingestion to resilience…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Lampis Alevizos , Martijn Dekker

Cyber Threat Intelligence (CTI) plays a crucial role in assessing risks and enhancing security for organizations. However, the process of extracting relevant information from unstructured text sources can be expensive and time-consuming.…

Path planning in obstacle-dense environments is a key challenge in robotics, and depends on inferring scene attributes and associated uncertainties. We present a multiple-hypothesis path planner designed to navigate complex environments…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-08-16 Brian H. Wang , Beatriz Asfora , Rachel Zheng , Aaron Peng , Jacopo Banfi , Mark Campbell

As frontier AI models become more capable, evaluating their potential to enable cyberattacks is crucial for ensuring the safe development of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Current cyber evaluation efforts are often ad-hoc, lacking…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Mikel Rodriguez , Raluca Ada Popa , Four Flynn , Lihao Liang , Allan Dafoe , Anna Wang

The increasing complexity and scale of modern digital environments have exposed significant gaps in traditional cybersecurity penetration testing methods, which are often time-consuming, labor-intensive, and unable to rapidly adapt to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-09 Ibrahim Alshehri , Adnan Alshehri , Abdulrahman Almalki , Majed Bamardouf , Alaqsa Akbar

Risk assessment of cyber-physical systems, such as power plants, connected devices and IT-infrastructures has always been challenging: safety (i.e. absence of unintentional failures) and security (i.e. no disruptions due to attackers) are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-05-10 Étienne André , Didier Lime , Mathias Ramparison , Mariëlle Stoelinga

Siren represents a pioneering research effort aimed at fortifying cybersecurity through strategic integration of deception, machine learning, and proactive threat analysis. Drawing inspiration from mythical sirens, this project employs…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Samhruth Ananthanarayanan , Girish Kulathumani , Ganesh Narayanan

Adversary emulation is an essential procedure for cybersecurity assessments such as evaluating an organization's security posture or facilitating structured training and research in dedicated environments. To allow for systematic and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-18 Louis Hackländer-Jansen , Rafael Uetz , Martin Henze

A popular approach to detect cyberattacks is to monitor systems in real-time to identify malicious activities as they occur. While these solutions aim to detect threats early, minimizing damage, they suffer from a significant challenge due…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Nikhilesh Singh , Chester Rebeiro

Evidence on the effectiveness of Man-At-The-End (MATE) software protections, such as code obfuscation, has mainly come from limited empirical research. Recently, however, an automatable method was proposed to obtain statistical models of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Alessandro Sanna , Waldo Verstraete , Leonardo Regano , Davide Maiorca , Bjorn De Sutter

Cyber-attacks can occur at machine speeds that are far too fast for human-in-the-loop (or sometimes on-the-loop) decision making to be a viable option. Although human inputs are still important, a defensive Artificial Intelligence (AI)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-02-24 Lashon B. Booker , Scott A. Musman