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Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) frequently exhibit complicated dynamics, and their sensitivity to the initialization process often renders them notoriously hard to train. Recent works have shed light on such phenomena analyzing when…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-12 Vaggos Chatziafratis , Ioannis Panageas , Clayton Sanford , Stelios Andrew Stavroulakis

Recurrent neural networks are a widely used class of neural architectures. They have, however, two shortcomings. First, they are often treated as black-box models and as such it is difficult to understand what exactly they learn as well as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Cheng Wang , Carolin Lawrence , Mathias Niepert

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) notoriously struggle to learn long-term memories, primarily due to vanishing and exploding gradients. The recent success of state-space models (SSMs), a subclass of RNNs, to overcome such difficulties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-06 Nicolas Zucchet , Antonio Orvieto

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have yielded promising results for both recognizing objects in challenging conditions and modeling aspects of primate vision. However, the representational dynamics of recurrent computations remain poorly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Sushrut Thorat , Adrien Doerig , Tim C. Kietzmann

Despite the widespread application of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) across a variety of tasks, a unified understanding of how RNNs solve these tasks remains elusive. In particular, it is unclear what dynamical patterns arise in trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-06 Kyle Aitken , Vinay V. Ramasesh , Ankush Garg , Yuan Cao , David Sussillo , Niru Maheswaranathan

We provide a general framework for studying recurrent neural networks (RNNs) trained by injecting noise into hidden states. Specifically, we consider RNNs that can be viewed as discretizations of stochastic differential equations driven by…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-02 Soon Hoe Lim , N. Benjamin Erichson , Liam Hodgkinson , Michael W. Mahoney

Recursive Neural Networks (RvNNs), which compose sequences according to their underlying hierarchical syntactic structure, have performed well in several natural language processing tasks compared to similar models without structural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-14 Jishnu Ray Chowdhury , Cornelia Caragea

For recurrent neural networks trained on time series with target and exogenous variables, in addition to accurate prediction, it is also desired to provide interpretable insights into the data. In this paper, we explore the structure of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-30 Tian Guo , Tao Lin , Nino Antulov-Fantulin

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) offer fast inference on long sequences but are hard to optimize and slow to train. Deep state-space models (SSMs) have recently been shown to perform remarkably well on long sequence modeling tasks, and have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Antonio Orvieto , Samuel L Smith , Albert Gu , Anushan Fernando , Caglar Gulcehre , Razvan Pascanu , Soham De

Time series forecasting based on deep architectures has been gaining popularity in recent years due to their ability to model complex non-linear temporal dynamics. The recurrent neural network is one such model capable of handling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-28 Zexuan Yin , Paolo Barucca

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), more specifically their Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) variants, have been widely used as a deep learning tool for tackling sequence-based learning tasks in text and speech. Training of such LSTM…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Anup Sarma , Sonali Singh , Huaipan Jiang , Rui Zhang , Mahmut T Kandemir , Chita R Das

Time series modeling has entered an era of unprecedented growth in the size and complexity of data which require new modeling approaches. While many new general purpose machine learning approaches have emerged, they remain poorly understand…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-11-02 Matthew F Dixon

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) for reinforcement learning (RL) have shown distinct advantages, e.g., solving memory-dependent tasks and meta-learning. However, little effort has been spent on improving RNN architectures and on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-27 Dongqi Han , Kenji Doya , Jun Tani

Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) are powerful tools for modeling sequential data, where the underlying states evolve in a stochastic manner and are only indirectly observable. Traditional HMM approaches are well-established for linear sequences,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-05 Farzan Vafa , Sahand Hormoz

Many efforts have been devoted to training generative latent variable models with autoregressive decoders, such as recurrent neural networks (RNN). Stochastic recurrent models have been successful in capturing the variability observed in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-11-17 Anirudh Goyal , Alessandro Sordoni , Marc-Alexandre Côté , Nan Rosemary Ke , Yoshua Bengio

Recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are capable of learning features and long term dependencies from sequential and time-series data. The RNNs have a stack of non-linear units where at least one connection between units forms a directed cycle.…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2018-02-26 Hojjat Salehinejad , Sharan Sankar , Joseph Barfett , Errol Colak , Shahrokh Valaee

Latent dynamics models have emerged as powerful tools for modeling and interpreting neural population activity. Recently, there has been a focus on incorporating simultaneously measured behaviour into these models to further disentangle…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-10-29 Cole Hurwitz , Akash Srivastava , Kai Xu , Justin Jude , Matthew G. Perich , Lee E. Miller , Matthias H. Hennig

Recent studies have proposed that one can summarize brain activity into dynamics among a relatively small number of hidden states and that such an approach is a promising tool for revealing brain function. Hidden Markov models (HMMs) are a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-02 Takahiro Ezaki , Yu Himeno , Takamitsu Watanabe , Naoki Masuda

Time series models with recurrent neural networks (RNNs) can have high accuracy but are unfortunately difficult to interpret as a result of feature-interactions, temporal-interactions, and non-linear transformations. Interpretability is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-09-17 Asif Rahman , Yale Chang , Jonathan Rubin

Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs) are general-purpose parallel-sequential computers. The program of an RNN is its weight matrix. How to learn useful representations of RNN weights that facilitate RNN analysis as well as downstream tasks?…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Vincent Herrmann , Francesco Faccio , Jürgen Schmidhuber