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The adaptation of Large-Scale Language Models (LLMs) to specific domains depends on high-quality fine-tuning datasets, particularly in instructional format (e.g., Question-Answer - Q&A). However, generating these datasets, particularly from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Alex Echeverria , Sávio Salvarino Teles de Oliveira , Fernando Marques Federson

The development and popularization of large language models (LLMs) have raised concerns that they will be used to create tailor-made, convincing arguments to push false or misleading narratives online. Early work has found that language…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Francesco Salvi , Manoel Horta Ribeiro , Riccardo Gallotti , Robert West

Conversational diagnosis prediction requires models to track evolving evidence in streaming clinical conversations and decide when to commit to a diagnosis. Existing medical dialogue corpora are largely dyadic or lack the multi-party…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xueren Ge , Sahil Murtaza , Anthony Cortez , Homa Alemzadeh

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable ability to comprehend instructions and generate human-like text, enabling sophisticated agent simulation beyond basic behavior replication. However, the potential for creating freely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Bohao Yang , Dong Liu , Chenghao Xiao , Kun Zhao , Chen Tang , Chao Li , Lin Yuan , Guang Yang , Chenghua Lin

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have led to the development of powerful AI chatbots capable of engaging in natural and human-like conversations. However, these chatbots can be potentially harmful, exhibiting manipulative,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Baihan Lin , Djallel Bouneffouf , Guillermo Cecchi , Kush R. Varshney

Many users communicate with chatbots and AI assistants in order to help them with various tasks. A key component of the assistant is the ability to understand and answer a user's natural language questions for question-answering (QA).…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-08 Anthony Colas , Trung Bui , Franck Dernoncourt , Moumita Sinha , Doo Soon Kim

We present an end-to-end framework for generating synthetic users for evaluating interactive agents designed to encourage positive behavior changes, such as in health and lifestyle coaching. The synthetic users are grounded in health and…

The growing demand for cognitive remediation therapy, combined with limited speech therapist availability, has accelerated the adoption of remote rehabilitation tools. These systems generate large volumes of interaction data that are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Yongxin Zhou , Fabien Ringeval , François Portet

The rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized the generation of emotional support conversations (ESC), offering scalable solutions with reduced costs and enhanced data privacy. This paper explores the role of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Shenghan Wu , Yimo Zhu , Wynne Hsu , Mong-Li Lee , Yang Deng

Within the evolving landscape of deep learning, the dilemma of data quantity and quality has been a long-standing problem. The recent advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a data-centric solution to alleviate the limitations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Lin Long , Rui Wang , Ruixuan Xiao , Junbo Zhao , Xiao Ding , Gang Chen , Haobo Wang

Current instruction data synthesis methods primarily focus on single-turn instructions and often neglect cross-turn coherence, resulting in context drift and reduced task completion rates in extended conversations. To address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jiawei Chen , Xinyan Guan , Qianhao Yuan , Guozhao Mo , Weixiang Zhou , Yaojie Lu , Hongyu Lin , Ben He , Le Sun , Xianpei Han

While language models (LMs) offer great potential for conversational recommender systems (CRSs), the paucity of public CRS data makes fine-tuning LMs for CRSs challenging. In response, LMs as user simulators qua data generators can be used…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Moonkyung Ryu , Chih-Wei Hsu , Yinlam Chow , Mohammad Ghavamzadeh , Craig Boutilier

The capabilities of pretrained language models have opened opportunities to explore new application areas, but applications involving human-human interaction are limited by the fact that most data is protected from public release for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Bo-Ru Lu , Nikita Haduong , Chia-Hsuan Lee , Zeqiu Wu , Hao Cheng , Paul Koester , Jean Utke , Tao Yu , Noah A. Smith , Mari Ostendorf

Synthetic data offers a promising path to train models while preserving data privacy. Differentially private (DP) finetuning of large language models (LLMs) as data generator is effective, but is impractical when computation resources are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Bowen Tan , Zheng Xu , Eric Xing , Zhiting Hu , Shanshan Wu

This study presents RoleCraft-GLM, an innovative framework aimed at enhancing personalized role-playing with Large Language Models (LLMs). RoleCraft-GLM addresses the key issue of lacking personalized interactions in conversational AI, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Meiling Tao , Xuechen Liang , Tianyu Shi , Lei Yu , Yiting Xie

Given the increasing demand for mental health assistance, artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models (LLMs), may be valuable for integration into automated clinical support systems. In this work, we leverage a decision…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Aylin Gunal , Baihan Lin , Djallel Bouneffouf

The in-context learning capabilities of large language models (LLMs) show great potential in mental health support. However, the lack of counseling datasets, particularly in Chinese corpora, restricts their application in this field. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-06 Keqi Chen , Zekai Sun , Yuhua Wen , Huijun Lian , Yingming Gao , Ya Li

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized Conversational User Interfaces (CUIs), enabling more dynamic, context-aware, and human-like interactions across diverse domains, from social sciences to healthcare. However,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Smit Desai , Mateusz Dubiel , Nima Zargham , Thomas Mildner , Laura Spillner

We employ a Large Language Model (LLM) to convert unstructured psychological interviews into structured questionnaires spanning various psychiatric and personality domains. The LLM is prompted to answer these questionnaires by impersonating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Gony Rosenman , Lior Wolf , Talma Hendler

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly shifted from peripheral assistive tools to constant companions in everyday and even high stakes human decision making. Many users now consult these models about health, intimate relationships,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Abas Bertina , Sara Shakeri