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Large Language Models (LLMs) promise to accelerate discovery by reasoning across the expanding scientific landscape. Yet, the challenge is no longer access to information but connecting it in meaningful, domain-spanning ways. In materials…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Isabella A. Stewart , Tarjei Paule Hage , Yu-Chuan Hsu , Markus J. Buehler

Autonomous multi-agent systems based on large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable abilities in independently solving complex tasks in a wide breadth of application domains. However, these systems hit critical reasoning,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Evan Rose , Tushin Mallick , Matthew D. Laws , Cristina Nita-Rotaru , Alina Oprea

The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) has opened new possibilities for artificial intelligence, yet current implementations face significant challenges in resource management, task coordination, and…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Junwei Yu , Yepeng Ding , Hiroyuki Sato

We introduce Plan*RAG, a novel framework that enables structured multi-hop reasoning in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) through test-time reasoning plan generation. While existing approaches such as ReAct maintain reasoning chains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Prakhar Verma , Sukruta Prakash Midigeshi , Gaurav Sinha , Arno Solin , Nagarajan Natarajan , Amit Sharma

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to complete complex tasks by selecting and coordinating external tools across multiple steps. This requires aligning tool choices with subtask intent while satisfying directional execution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Xinyi Gao , Xinyu Ren , Junliang Yu , Tong Chen , Quoc Viet Hung Nguyen , Hongzhi Yin

Planning is a fundamental property of human intelligence. Reasoning about asynchronous plans is challenging since it requires sequential and parallel planning to optimize time costs. Can large language models (LLMs) succeed at this task?…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Fangru Lin , Emanuele La Malfa , Valentin Hofmann , Elle Michelle Yang , Anthony Cohn , Janet B. Pierrehumbert

Real-world data is represented in both structured (e.g., graph connections) and unstructured (e.g., textual, visual information) formats, encompassing complex relationships that include explicit links (such as social connections and user…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Yuhao Yang , Jiabin Tang , Lianghao Xia , Xingchen Zou , Yuxuan Liang , Chao Huang

Large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems have demonstrated remarkable promise for tackling complex tasks by breaking them down into subtasks that are iteratively planned, executed, observed, and refined. Despite their…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Enhao Zhang , Erkang Zhu , Gagan Bansal , Adam Fourney , Hussein Mozannar , Jack Gerrits

Most commodity software lacks accessible Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), requiring autonomous agents to interact solely through pixel-based Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs). In this API-free setting, large language model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Chenwei Tang , Lin Long , Xinyu Liu , Jingyu Xing , Zizhou Wang , Joey Tianyi Zhou , Jiawei Du , Liangli Zhen , Jiancheng Lv

Large Language Model (LLM)-based agents demonstrate strong reasoning and execution capabilities on complex tasks when guided by structured instructions, commonly referred to as workflows. However, existing workflow-assisted agent serving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Ao Li , Shangpeng Yang , Fahao Chen , Tianheng Xu , Peng Li , Zhou Su

Designing versatile graph learning approaches is important, considering the diverse graphs and tasks existing in real-world applications. Existing methods have attempted to achieve this target through automated machine learning techniques,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Lanning Wei , Huan Zhao , Xiaohan Zheng , Zhiqiang He , Quanming Yao

Large language models (LLMs) struggle with the factual error during inference due to the lack of sufficient training data and the most updated knowledge, leading to the hallucination problem. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has gained…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Zulun Zhu , Tiancheng Huang , Kai Wang , Junda Ye , Xinghe Chen , Siqiang Luo

We introduce TAPAS (Task-based Adaptation and Planning using AgentS), a multi-agent framework that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) with symbolic planning to solve complex tasks without the need for manually defined environment…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Harisankar Babu , Philipp Schillinger , Tamim Asfour

Language agents powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in understanding, reasoning, and executing complex tasks. However, developing robust agents presents significant challenges: substantial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Qianqian Zhang , Jiajia Liao , Heting Ying , Yibo Ma , Haozhan Shen , Jingcheng Li , Peng Liu , Lu Zhang , Chunxin Fang , Kyusong Lee , Ruochen Xu , Tiancheng Zhao

Dual-arm robots play a crucial role in improving efficiency and flexibility in complex multitasking scenarios. While existing methods have achieved promising results in task planning, they often fail to fully optimize task parallelism,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Shiying Duan , Pei Ren , Nanxiang Jiang , Zhengping Che , Jian Tang , Zhaoxin Fan , Yifan Sun , Wenjun Wu

Existing tool-augmented large language models (LLMs) encounter significant challenges when processing complex queries. Current frameworks such as ReAct are prone to local optimization traps due to their reliance on incremental…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Xiaolong Wei , Yuehu Dong , Xingliang Wang , Xingyu Zhang , Zhejun Zhao , Dongdong Shen , Long Xia , Dawei Yin

Reasoning-acting frameworks enhance large language models (LLMs) by interleaving reasoning with actions for dynamic information acquisition. However, extending this paradigm to graph learning remains underexplored. Graph data is inherently…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Xingtong Yu , Zhongwei Kuai , Chang Zhou , Xuanting Xie , Renhe Jiang , Xikun Zhang , Hong Cheng , Xinming Zhang , Yuan Fang

Generative AI, particularly Large Language Models, increasingly integrates graph-based representations to enhance reasoning, retrieval, and structured decision-making. Despite rapid advances, there remains limited clarity regarding when,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Hamed Jelodar , Samita Bai , Mohammad Meymani , Parisa Hamedi , Roozbeh Razavi-Far , Ali Ghorbani

Remarkable progress has been made on automated problem solving through societies of agents based on large language models (LLMs). Existing LLM-based multi-agent systems can already solve simple dialogue tasks. Solutions to more complex…

Graphical User Interface (GUI) agents possess significant commercial and social value, and GUI agents powered by advanced multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential. Currently, existing GUI agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Weizhi Chen , Ziwei Wang , Leyang Yang , Sheng Zhou , Xiaoxuan Tang , Jiajun Bu , Yong Li , Wei Jiang