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Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in Spoken Language Understanding (SLU), where effective multimodal learning depends on the alignment between audio and text. Despite various fusion methods, no standard metric exists to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Pooneh Mousavi , Yingzhi Wang , Mirco Ravanelli , Cem Subakan

In recent years, there has been significant progress in Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis technology, enabling the high-quality synthesis of voices in common scenarios. In unseen situations, adaptive TTS requires a strong generalization…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-10 Zhipeng Li , Xiaofen Xing , Jun Wang , Shuaiqi Chen , Guoqiao Yu , Guanglu Wan , Xiangmin Xu

Spoken language understanding (SLU) systems often exhibit suboptimal performance in processing atypical speech, typically caused by neurological conditions and motor impairments. Recent advancements in Text-to-Speech (TTS) synthesis-based…

Speech synthesis is the artificial production of human speech. A typical text-to-speech system converts a language text into a waveform. There exist many English TTS systems that produce mature, natural, and human-like speech synthesizers.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-23 Fady Fahmy , Mahmoud Khalil , Hazem Abbas

Speaker embedding is an important front-end module to explore discriminative speaker features for many speech applications where speaker information is needed. Current SOTA backbone networks for speaker embedding are designed to aggregate…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Ruiteng Zhang , Jianguo Wei , Xugang Lu , Wenhuan Lu , Di Jin , Junhai Xu , Lin Zhang , Yantao Ji , Jianwu Dang

Building text-to-speech (TTS) synthesisers for Indian languages is a difficult task owing to a large number of active languages. Indian languages can be classified into a finite set of families, prominent among them, Indo-Aryan and…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-11-01 Anusha Prakash , Hema A Murthy

This work introduces TTS-Transducer - a novel architecture for text-to-speech, leveraging the strengths of audio codec models and neural transducers. Transducers, renowned for their superior quality and robustness in speech recognition, are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Vladimir Bataev , Subhankar Ghosh , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Jason Li

Previous research has proposed a machine speech chain to enable automatic speech recognition (ASR) and text-to-speech synthesis (TTS) to assist each other in semi-supervised learning and to avoid the need for a large amount of paired speech…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Johanes Effendi , Andros Tjandra , Sakriani Sakti , Satoshi Nakamura

Speech recognition and speech synthesis models are typically trained separately, each with its own set of learning objectives, training data, and model parameters, resulting in two distinct large networks. We propose a parameter-efficient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Hawau Olamide Toyin , Hao Li , Hanan Aldarmaki

The increased adoption of digital assistants makes text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis systems an indispensable feature of modern mobile devices. It is hence desirable to build a system capable of generating highly intelligible speech in the…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-08-14 Dipjyoti Paul , Muhammed PV Shifas , Yannis Pantazis , Yannis Stylianou

Code-switching (CS) refers to the switching of languages within a speech signal and results in language confusion for automatic speech recognition (ASR). To address language confusion, we propose a language alignment loss (LAL) that aligns…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-04 Hexin Liu , Xiangyu Zhang , Haoyang Zhang , Leibny Paola Garcia , Andy W. H. Khong , Eng Siong Chng , Shinji Watanabe

Tibetan is a low-resource language with minimal parallel speech corpora spanning its three major dialects-\"U-Tsang, Amdo, and Kham-limiting progress in speech modeling. To address this issue, we propose FMSD-TTS, a few-shot, multi-speaker,…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently garnered significant attention, primarily for their capabilities in text-based interactions. However, natural human interaction often relies on speech, necessitating a shift towards voice-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Wenqian Cui , Dianzhi Yu , Xiaoqi Jiao , Ziqiao Meng , Guangyan Zhang , Qichao Wang , Yiwen Guo , Irwin King

Traditional text-to-speech (TTS) methods primarily focus on establishing a mapping between phonemes and mel-spectrograms. However, during the phoneme encoding stage, there is often a lack of real mel-spectrogram auxiliary information, which…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Tianyun Liu

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) and development of audio codecs greatly propel the zero-shot TTS. They can synthesize personalized speech with only a 3-second speech of an unseen speaker as acoustic prompt. However, they…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Jinlong Xue , Yayue Deng , Yicheng Han , Yingming Gao , Ya Li

We present MParrotTTS, a unified multilingual, multi-speaker text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis model that can produce high-quality speech. Benefiting from a modularized training paradigm exploiting self-supervised speech representations,…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-05-23 Neil Shah , Vishal Tambrahalli , Saiteja Kosgi , Niranjan Pedanekar , Vineet Gandhi

Current end-to-end code-switching Text-to-Speech (TTS) can already generate high quality two languages speech in the same utterance with single speaker bilingual corpora. When the speakers of the bilingual corpora are different, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Chunyu Qiang , Jianhua Tao , Ruibo Fu , Zhengqi Wen , Jiangyan Yi , Tao Wang , Shiming Wang

While large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis through discrete tokenization paradigms, current architectures exhibit fundamental tensions between three critical dimensions: 1) irreversible loss of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Yaodong Song , Hongjie Chen , Jie Lian , Yuxin Zhang , Guangmin Xia , Zehan Li , Genliang Zhao , Jian Kang , Jie Li , Yongxiang Li , Xuelong Li

Dysarthric speech reconstruction (DSR) typically employs a cascaded system that combines automatic speech recognition (ASR) and sentence-level text-to-speech (TTS) to convert dysarthric speech into normally-prosodied speech. However,…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Minghui Wu , Haitao Tang , Jiahuan Fan , Ruizhi Liao , Yanyong Zhang

In recent years, automatic speech recognition (ASR) has witnessed transformative advancements driven by three complementary paradigms: data scaling, model size scaling, and deep integration with large language models (LLMs). However, LLMs…