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High-energy cosmic-ray muons reaching deep underground laboratories can cause events in detectors that mimic signals expected from dark matter particles, neutrinos, or rare decays. Knowledge of the muon flux and energy spectrum is important…
Galactic diffuse emission has provided us with evidence for cosmic ray acceleration throughout the Galaxy and the background for searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. However, only the very limited measurements of the diffuse flux…
In this paper parametric formulas are presented to evaluate the flux of atmospheric muons in the range of vertical depth between 1.5 to 5 km of water equivalent (km w.e.) and up to 85^o for the zenith angle. We take into account their…
We study the effect of diffuse intracluster light on the critical surface mass density estimated from photometric redshifts of lensing source galaxies, and the resulting bias in a weak lensing measurement of galaxy cluster mass. Under…
On geological timescales, the Earth is likely to be exposed to an increased flux of high energy cosmic rays (HECRs) from astrophysical sources such as nearby supernovae, gamma ray bursts or by galactic shocks. Typical cosmic ray energies…
The decline of the high mass X-ray transient V0332+53 during the Dec. 2004 to Feb. 2005 outburst is analysed from the data recorded by INTEGRAL. The flux is shown to decrease exponentially until 2005 Feb. 10, with a decay time scale of \~30…
We investigate the recent - low redshift - expansion history of the universe using the most recent observational data. Using only data from 42 measurements of $f_{gas}$ in clusters, we found that cosmic acceleration could have already…
The flux of muon-produced neutrons far away from the muon track may constitute a background for the underground detectors searching for rare events. The muon events collected by the first LVD tower from March, 1996, to February, 1998, (1.56…
The shadowing of cosmic ray primaries by the the moon and sun was observed by the MINOS far detector at a depth of \unit[2070]{mwe} using 83.54 million cosmic ray muons accumulated over 1857.91 live-days. The shadow of the moon was detected…
We present measurements of the atmospheric depth of the shower maximum $X_\mathrm{max}$, inferred for the first time on an event-by-event level using the Surface Detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. Using deep learning, we were able to…
We report on a long X-ray observation of the slow-rotating binary pulsar GX 1+4. BeppoSAX observed, in the 0.1-200 keV energy range, an event in which the source flux dropped for almost a day, and then recovered. During this event only the…
The results of measuring diurnal variations of extensive air showers with energy above 100 TeV detected by the Andyrchi air shower array in 1995-2002 are presented. It is shown that solar diurnal wave of intensity is formed by pressure…
The Pierre Auger Observatory has conducted measurements of the energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays using different methods. Utilizing both surface and fluorescence detectors (SD and FD), the Observatory provides…
In this paper we report the first observation in the Southern hemisphere of an energy dependence in the Galactic cosmic ray anisotropy up to a few hundred TeV. This measurement was performed using cosmic ray induced muons recorded by the…
Recent data from CREAM seem to confirm early suggestions that primary cosmic ray (CR) spectra at few TeV/nucleon are harder than in the 10-100 GeV range. Also, helium and heavier nuclei spectra appear systematically harder than the proton…
Interplanetary Coronal Mass Ejections (ICMEs) are known to modify the structure of the solar wind as well as interact with the space environment of planetary systems. Their large magnetic structures have been shown to interact with galactic…
Experimental results from Haverah Park, Yakutsk, AGASA and Fly's Eye are reviewed. All these experiments work in the energy range above 0.1 EeV. The 'dip' structure around 3 EeV in the energy spectrum is well established by all the…
China JinPing underground Laboratory (CJPL) is the deepest underground laboratory presently running in the world. In such a deep underground laboratory, the cosmic ray flux is a very important and necessary parameter for rare event…
Measuring the anisotropy of the arrival direction distribution of cosmic rays provides important information on the propagation mechanisms and the identification of their sources. In fact, the flux of cosmic rays is thought to be dependent…
The question whether an annual modulation is observable during nuclear decay rate measurements has long been the subject of research. One of the possible explanations for the annual variations would be the effect of solar neutrinos, the…