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We present a method for transferring pre-trained self-supervised (SSL) speech representations to multiple languages. There is an abundance of unannotated speech, so creating self-supervised representations from raw audio and fine-tuning on…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-08 Samuel Kessler , Bethan Thomas , Salah Karout

With excellent generalization ability, SSL speech models have shown impressive performance on various downstream tasks in the pre-training and fine-tuning paradigm. However, as the size of pre-trained models grows, fine-tuning becomes…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-29 Mufan Sang , John H. L. Hansen

Recent advances in video captioning are driven by large-scale pretrained models, which follow the standard "pre-training followed by fine-tuning" paradigm, where the full model is fine-tuned for downstream tasks. Although effective, this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Junan Chen , Trung Thanh Nguyen , Takahiro Komamizu , Ichiro Ide

Adapting Vision Language Segmentation Models (VLSMs) to medical imaging domains requires significant computational overhead when using conventional fine-tuning approaches. Existing Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods apply…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Ujjwal Mishra , Vinita Shukla , Praful Hambarde , Amit Shukla

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) techniques, such as adapter tuning, aim to fine-tune a pre-trained language model (PLM) using a minimal number of parameters for a specific task or profile. Although adapter tuning provides increased…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Namju Kwak , Taesup Kim

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) allows model builders to capture the task-specific parameters into adapters, which are a fraction of the size of the original base model. Popularity of PEFT technique for fine-tuning has led to the…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Saransh Gupta , Umesh Deshpande , Travis Janssen , Swami Sundararaman

Recent developments in Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) methods for pretrained deep neural networks have captured widespread interest. In this work, we study the enhancement of current PEFT methods by incorporating the spectral…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Fangzhao Zhang , Mert Pilanci

Previous research has shown that the principal singular vectors of a pre-trained model's weight matrices capture critical knowledge. In contrast, those associated with small singular values may contain noise or less reliable information. As…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-02-10 Zhe Li , Man-wai Mak , Mert Pilanci , Hung-yi Lee , Helen Meng

Vision-language retrieval is an important multi-modal learning topic, where the goal is to retrieve the most relevant visual candidate for a given text query. Recently, pre-trained models, e.g., CLIP, show great potential on retrieval…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Haojun Jiang , Jianke Zhang , Rui Huang , Chunjiang Ge , Zanlin Ni , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

In this paper, we present Multi-scale Feature Aggregation Conformer (MFA-Conformer), an easy-to-implement, simple but effective backbone for automatic speaker verification based on the Convolution-augmented Transformer (Conformer). The…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-11-14 Yang Zhang , Zhiqiang Lv , Haibin Wu , Shanshan Zhang , Pengfei Hu , Zhiyong Wu , Hung-yi Lee , Helen Meng

Adapter modules were recently introduced as an efficient alternative to fine-tuning in NLP. Adapter tuning consists in freezing pretrained parameters of a model and injecting lightweight modules between layers, resulting in the addition of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-07-14 Hang Le , Juan Pino , Changhan Wang , Jiatao Gu , Didier Schwab , Laurent Besacier

We propose an explainable probabilistic framework for characterizing spoofed speech by decomposing it into probabilistic attribute embeddings. Unlike raw high-dimensional countermeasure embeddings, which lack interpretability, the proposed…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Jagabandhu Mishra , Manasi Chhibber , Hye-jin Shim , Tomi H. Kinnunen

Fine-tuning is widely used to tailor large language models for specific tasks such as neural machine translation (NMT). However, leveraging transfer learning is computationally expensive when fine-tuning large multilingual models with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Josh McGiff , Nikola S. Nikolov

Recent years have witnessed a boom in self-supervised learning (SSL) in various areas including speech processing. Speech based SSL models present promising performance in a range of speech related tasks. However, the training of SSL models…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-21 Xie Chen , Ziyang Ma , Changli Tang , Yujin Wang , Zhisheng Zheng

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) of powerful pre-trained models for complex downstream tasks has proven effective in vision and language processing, yet this paradigm remains unexplored in scientific machine learning, where the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Hangwei Zhang , Chun Kang , Yan Wang , Difan Zou

Multi-modal models excel in cross-modal tasks but are computationally expensive due to their billions of parameters. Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) offers a solution by adding small trainable components while freezing pre-trained…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Sashuai Zhou , Hai Huang , Yan Xia

We propose a novel approach for spoofed speech characterization through explainable probabilistic attribute embeddings. In contrast to high-dimensional raw embeddings extracted from a spoofing countermeasure (CM) whose dimensions are not…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-18 Manasi Chhibber , Jagabandhu Mishra , Hyejin Shim , Tomi H. Kinnunen

Self-supervised learning models have revolutionized the field of speech processing. However, the process of fine-tuning these models on downstream tasks requires substantial computational resources, particularly when dealing with multiple…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Varsha Suresh , Salah Aït-Mokhtar , Caroline Brun , Ioan Calapodescu

Synthesized speech is common today due to the prevalence of virtual assistants, easy-to-use tools for generating and modifying speech signals, and remote work practices. Synthesized speech can also be used for nefarious purposes, including…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-05-05 Emily R. Bartusiak , Edward J. Delp

Parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT) methods are increasingly vital in adapting large-scale pre-trained language models for diverse tasks, offering a balance between adaptability and computational efficiency. They are important in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-08 Tong Su , Xin Peng , Sarubi Thillainathan , David Guzmán , Surangika Ranathunga , En-Shiun Annie Lee