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While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models show strong promise for generalist robot control, it remains unclear whether -- and under what conditions -- the standard "scale data" recipe translates to robotics, where training data is…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently enabled embodied agents to perform increasingly complex tasks by jointly reasoning over visual, linguistic, and motor modalities. However, we find that the prevailing notion of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Zhuofan Li , Hongkun Yang , Zhenyang Chen , Yangxuan Chen , Yingyan , Lin , Chaojian Li

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a generalist robotic agent. However, existing VLAs are hindered by excessive parameter scales, prohibitive pre-training requirements, and limited applicability to diverse embodiments. To…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are emerging as a unified substrate for embodied intelligence. This shift raises a new class of safety challenges, stemming from the embodied nature of VLA systems, including irreversible physical…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Qi Li , Bo Yin , Weiqi Huang , Ruhao Liu , Bojun Zou , Runpeng Yu , Jingwen Ye , Weihao Yu , Xinchao Wang

Vision-language-action (VLA) models provide a powerful approach to training control policies for physical systems, such as robots, by combining end-to-end learning with transfer of semantic knowledge from web-scale vision-language model…

Vision-language-action (VLA) models represent a promising direction for developing general-purpose robotic systems, demonstrating the ability to combine visual understanding, language comprehension, and action generation. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Pranav Guruprasad , Harshvardhan Sikka , Jaewoo Song , Yangyue Wang , Paul Pu Liang

Recent advancements in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have leveraged pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) to improve the generalization capabilities. VLMs, typically pre-trained on vision-language understanding tasks, provide rich…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Jianke Zhang , Yanjiang Guo , Yucheng Hu , Xiaoyu Chen , Xiang Zhu , Jianyu Chen

The emergence of Vision Language Action (VLA) models marks a paradigm shift from traditional policy-based control to generalized robotics, reframing Vision Language Models (VLMs) from passive sequence generators into active agents for…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Dapeng Zhang , Jing Sun , Chenghui Hu , Xiaoyan Wu , Zhenlong Yuan , Rui Zhou , Fei Shen , Qingguo Zhou

While Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved remarkable success in ground-based embodied intelligence, their application to Aerial Manipulation Systems (AMS) remains a largely unexplored frontier. The inherent characteristics of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Jianli Sun , Bin Tian , Qiyao Zhang , Chengxiang Li , Zihan Song , Zhiyong Cui , Yisheng Lv , Yonglin Tian

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful framework that unifies perception, language, and control, enabling robots to perform diverse tasks through multimodal understanding. However, current VLA models typically…

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have garnered significant attention for their potential in advancing robotic manipulation. However, previous approaches predominantly rely on the general comprehension capabilities of vision-language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Yuqi Wang , Xinghang Li , Wenxuan Wang , Junbo Zhang , Yingyan Li , Yuntao Chen , Xinlong Wang , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Visual language models (VLMs) have made significant advances in accuracy in recent years. However, their efficiency has received much less attention. This paper introduces NVILA, a family of open VLMs designed to jointly optimize efficiency…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework for enabling generalist robots capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting in the real world. These models usually build upon pretrained Vision-Language Models…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Tao Lin , Gen Li , Yilei Zhong , Yanwen Zou , Yuxin Du , Jiting Liu , Encheng Gu , Bo Zhao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown impressive generalization and language-guided manipulation capabilities. However, their performance degrades on tasks requiring precise spatial reasoning due to limited spatial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Tianyuan Yuan , Yicheng Liu , Chenhao Lu , Zhuoguang Chen , Tao Jiang , Hang Zhao

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown strong decision-making capabilities in autonomous driving. However, existing VLAs often struggle with achieving efficient inference and generalizing to novel autonomous vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Dapeng Zhang , Zhenlong Yuan , Zhangquan Chen , Chih-Ting Liao , Yinda Chen , Fei Shen , Qingguo Zhou , Tat-Seng Chua

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) have shown potential in leveraging pretrained vision-language models and diverse robot demonstrations for learning generalizable sensorimotor control. While this paradigm effectively utilizes large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Qingqing Zhao , Yao Lu , Moo Jin Kim , Zipeng Fu , Zhuoyang Zhang , Yecheng Wu , Zhaoshuo Li , Qianli Ma , Song Han , Chelsea Finn , Ankur Handa , Ming-Yu Liu , Donglai Xiang , Gordon Wetzstein , Tsung-Yi Lin

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as promising solutions for robotic manipulation, yet their robustness to real-world physical variations remains critically underexplored. To bridge this gap, we propose Eva-VLA, the first…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Hanqing Liu , Shouwei Ruan , Jiahuan Long , Junqi Wu , Jiacheng Hou , Huili Tang , Tingsong Jiang , Weien Zhou , Wen Yao

Due to their ability of follow natural language instructions, vision-language-action (VLA) models are increasingly prevalent in the embodied AI arena, following the widespread success of their precursors -- LLMs and VLMs. In this paper, we…

To utilize Foundation Vision Language Models (VLMs) for robotic tasks and motion planning, the community has proposed different methods for injecting action components into VLMs and building the Vision-Language-Action models (VLAs). In this…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have demonstrated strong multi-modal reasoning capabilities, enabling direct action generation from visual perception and language instructions in an end-to-end manner. However, their substantial…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Siyu Xu , Yunke Wang , Chenghao Xia , Dihao Zhu , Tao Huang , Chang Xu