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When aiming for atomic resolution electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) in STEM mode, the high convergence angle of the electron probe can lead to unforeseen artefacts and strong reductions of the signal to noise ratio (SNR) in the…
Electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) is a powerful technique for estimating element-specific magnetic moments of materials on nanoscale with the potential to reach atomic resolution in transmission electron microscopes. However, the…
Energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) is a versatile method for studying magnetic properties on the nanoscale. However, the classical EMCD technique is notorious for its low signal to noise ratio (SNR). Here, we study the theoretical…
Electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) in transmission electron microscopy (TEM) enables element-specific measurement of spin and orbital magnetic moments, analogous to X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). While the EMCD technique…
Electron magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) is an emerging tool for quantitative measurements of magnetic properties using the transmission electron microscope (TEM), with the possibility of nanometer resolution. The geometrical conditions,…
One of the most challenging issues in the characterization of magnetic materials is to obtain quantitative analysis on the nanometer scale. Here we describe how electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) measurements using the transmission…
We describe a new experimental setup for the detection of magnetic circular dichroism with fast electrons (EMCD). As compared to earlier findings the signal is an order of magnitude higher, while the probed area could be significantly…
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) is critical in nanotechnology, materials science, and biological imaging due to its high spatial resolution and depth of focus. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an essential parameter in SEM because it…
Recently it was demonstrated (Schattschneider et al., Nature 441 (2006), 486), that an analogue of the X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) experiment can be performed with the transmission electron microscope (TEM). The new phenomenon…
When magnetic properties are analysed in a TEM using the technique of electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD), one of the critical parameters is the sample orientation, and this, independently on the chosen acquisition geometry. Since…
The need to acquire multiple angle-resolved electron energy loss spectra (EELS) is one of the several critical challenges associated with electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) experiments. If the experiments are performed by scanning…
Energy-loss magnetic chiral dichroism (EMCD) allows for the quantification of magnetic properties of materials at the nanometer scale. It is shown that with the support of simulations that help to identify the optimal conditions for a…
We present the design and characterization of a low-noise environment for measuring the electron's electric dipole moment (EDM) with a beam of molecules. To minimize magnetic Johnson noise from metals, the design features ceramic electric…
Understanding the ramifications of reduced crystalline symmetry on magnetic behavior is a critical step in improving our understanding of nanoscale and interfacial magnetism. However, investigations of such effects are often controversial…
Measuring magnetic moments in ferromagnetic materials with atomic column resolution is theoretically possible using the electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) technique in a (scanning) transmission electron microscope ((S)TEM).…
Shot noise measurements are widely used for the characterization of nonequilibrium configurations in electronic conductors. The recently introduced quantum tomography approach was implemented for the studies of electronic wavefunctions of…
The calculations presented here reveal that an electron probe carrying orbital angular momentum is just a particular case of a wider class of electron beams that can be used to measure electron magnetic circular dichroism (EMCD) with atomic…
We have analysed a number of experimental geometries (two and three-beam geometry, general systematic row setup, zone axis orientation) for the electron magnetic circular dichroism measurements (EMCD). The effect of asymmetries in those…
Purpose: Low-field MRI systems operate at single MHz-range frequencies, where signal losses are primarily dominated by thermal noise from the radio-frequency (RF) receive coils. Achieving operation close to this limit is essential for…
Photon counting is a mode of processing astronomical observations of low-signal targets that have been observed using an electron-multiplying charge-coupled device (EMCCD). In photon counting, the EMCCD amplifies the signal, and a…