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Route recommendation systems commonly adopt a multi-stage pipeline involving fine-ranking and re-ranking to produce high-quality ordered recommendations. However, this paradigm faces three critical limitations. First, there is a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Chao Chen , Longfei Xu , Daohan Su , Tengfei Liu , Hanyu Guo , Yihai Duan , Kaikui Liu , Xiangxiang Chu

Leveraging Large Language Models (LLMs) for generative recommendation has attracted significant research interest, where item tokenization is a critical step. It involves assigning item identifiers for LLMs to encode user history and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Xinyu Lin , Haihan Shi , Wenjie Wang , Fuli Feng , Qifan Wang , See-Kiong Ng , Tat-Seng Chua

Modeling user preferences has been mainly addressed by looking at users' interaction history with the different elements available in the system. Tailoring content to individual preferences based on historical data is the main goal of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-11 Pablo Zivic , Hernan Vazquez , Jorge Sanchez

Recently, sequential recommendation has been adapted to the LLM paradigm to enjoy the power of LLMs. LLM-based methods usually formulate recommendation information into natural language and the model is trained to predict the next item in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Hanbing Wang , Xiaorui Liu , Wenqi Fan , Xiangyu Zhao , Venkataramana Kini , Devendra Yadav , Fei Wang , Zhen Wen , Jiliang Tang , Hui Liu

Despite recent progress, Biomedical Entity Linking (BEL) with large language models (LLMs) remains computationally inefficient and challenging to deploy in practical settings. In this work, we demonstrate that instruction-tuning of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Darya Shlyk , Stefano Montanelli , Lawrence Hunter

With recent advances in large language models (LLMs), there has been emerging numbers of research in developing Semantic IDs based on LLMs to enhance the performance of recommendation systems. However, the dimension of these embeddings…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Taolin Zhang , Junwei Pan , Jinpeng Wang , Yaohua Zha , Tao Dai , Bin Chen , Ruisheng Luo , Xiaoxiang Deng , Yuan Wang , Ming Yue , Jie Jiang , Shu-Tao Xia

Generative recommendation treats next-item prediction as autoregressive item-identifier generation. Specifically, items are encoded as semantic identifiers (SIDs), which are short coarse-to-fine token sequences whose early tokens capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Zaiyi Zheng , Guanghui Min , Yaochen Zhu , Liang Wu , Liangjie Hong , Chen Chen , Jundong Li

Large language model (LLM)-based generative list-wise recommendation has advanced rapidly, but decoding remains sequential and thus latency-prone. To accelerate inference without changing the target distribution, speculative decoding (SD)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Jiaju Chen , Chongming Gao , Chenxiao Fan , Haoyan Liu , Qingpeng Cai , Peng Jiang , Xiangnan He

Generative recommendation maps each item to a sequence of Semantic IDs (SIDs) and recasts retrieval as autoregressive token generation. In this paradigm the main bottleneck is the tokenizer rather than the Transformer: residual vector…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Wenzhuo Cheng , Menghang Gong , Qixin Guo , Hang Zheng , Zhaobin Yang , Jianguo Lou , Zhengwei Zheng

In a multi-stage recommendation system, reranking plays a crucial role in modeling intra-list correlations among items. A key challenge lies in exploring optimal sequences within the combinatorial space of permutations. Recent research…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Zhijie Lin , Zhuofeng Li , Chenglei Dai , Wentian Bao , Shuai Lin , Enyun Yu , Haoxiang Zhang , Liang Zhao

Existing sequential recommendation models, even advanced diffusion-based approaches, often struggle to capture the rich semantic intent underlying user behavior, especially for new users or long-tail items. This limitation stems from their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Bo-Chian Chen , Manel Slokom

Large language models (LLMs) typically approach combinatorial optimization as an inference-time procedure, solving each instance separately through sampling, search, or repeated prompting. We ask whether reinforcement learning can instead…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Soheyl Massoudi , Gabriel Apaza , Milad Habibi , Mark Fuge

Deep learning based recommender systems have been extensively explored in recent years. However, the large number of models proposed each year poses a big challenge for both researchers and practitioners in reproducing the results for…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-05-28 Shuai Zhang , Yi Tay , Lina Yao , Bin Wu , Aixin Sun

Sequential recommendation problems have received increasing attention in research during the past few years, leading to the inception of a large variety of algorithmic approaches. In this work, we explore how large language models (LLMs),…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Jesse Harte , Wouter Zorgdrager , Panos Louridas , Asterios Katsifodimos , Dietmar Jannach , Marios Fragkoulis

Large language models have recently shown promise for multimodal recommendation, particularly with text and image inputs. Yet real-world recommendation signals extend far beyond these modalities. To reflect this, we formalize recommendation…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Zijie Lei , Tao Feng , Zhigang Hua , Yan Xie , Guanyu Lin , Shuang Yang , Ge Liu , Jiaxuan You

Sequential recommendation (SR) models often capture user preferences based on the historically interacted item IDs, which usually obtain sub-optimal performance when the interaction history is limited. Content-based sequential…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Donglin Zhou , Weike Pan , Zhong Ming

Generative recommendation (GR) typically first quantizes continuous item embeddings into multi-level semantic IDs (SIDs), and then generates the next item via autoregressive decoding. Although existing methods are already competitive in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Lingyu Mu , Hao Deng , Haibo Xing , Jinxin Hu , Yu Zhang , Xiaoyi Zeng , Jing Zhang

We propose a novel recommender framework, MuSTRec (Multimodal and Sequential Transformer-based Recommendation), that unifies multimodal and sequential recommendation paradigms. MuSTRec captures cross-item similarities and collaborative…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Bucher Sahyouni , Matthew Vowels , Liqun Chen , Simon Hadfield

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely employed in Conversational Recommender Systems (CRSs). Unlike traditional language model approaches that focus on training, all existing LLMs-based approaches are mainly centered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jianyu Wen , Jingyun Wang , Cilin Yan , Jiayin Cai , Xiaolong Jiang , Ying Zhang

Generative recommendation represents each item as a semantic ID, i.e., a sequence of discrete tokens, and generates the next item through autoregressive decoding. While effective, existing autoregressive models face two intrinsic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Teng Shi , Chenglei Shen , Weijie Yu , Shen Nie , Chongxuan Li , Xiao Zhang , Ming He , Yan Han , Jun Xu