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We propose an algorithm inspired by optical coherent Ising machines to solve the problem of polynomial unconstrained binary optimization (PUBO). We benchmark the proposed algorithm against existing PUBO algorithms on the extended…

Quantum annealing aims at solving optimization problems of practical relevance using quantum-computing hardware. Problems of interest are typically formulated in terms of quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) Hamiltonians.…

Ising machines are next-generation computers expected to efficiently sample near-optimal solutions of combinatorial optimization problems. Combinatorial optimization problems are modeled as quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-06-21 Kentaro Ohno , Nozomu Togawa

This paper develops an algorithmic solution using Ising machines to solve large-scale higher-order binary optimization (HOBO) problems with inequality constraints for resource optimization in wireless communications systems. Quadratic…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Gan Zheng , Ioannis Krikidis

Recent hardware advances in quantum and quantum-inspired annealers promise substantial speedup for solving NP-hard combinatorial optimization problems compared to general-purpose computers. These special-purpose hardware are built for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-01-06 Avradip Mandal , Arnab Roy , Sarvagya Upadhyay , Hayato Ushijima-Mwesigwa

The increasing complexity of industrial scheduling and transport routing problems motivates the study of alternative optimization formulations and computational paradigms. In this work, we study how higher-order unconstrained binary…

Ising Machines are emerging hardware architectures that efficiently solve NP-Hard combinatorial optimization problems. Generally, combinatorial problems are transformed into quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) form, but this…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-09-12 Chirag Garg , Sayeef Salahuddin

We present PyQUBO, an open-source, Python library for constructing quadratic unconstrained binary optimizations (QUBOs) from the objective functions and the constraints of optimization problems. PyQUBO enables users to prepare QUBOs or…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-03-04 Mashiyat Zaman , Kotaro Tanahashi , Shu Tanaka

In the field of quantum computing, combinatorial optimization problems are typically addressed using QUBO (Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization) solvers. However, these solvers are often insufficient for tackling higher-order…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-24 Yuichiro Minato

A prominent approach to solving combinatorial optimization problems on parallel hardware is Ising machines, i.e., hardware implementations of networks of interacting binary spin variables. Most Ising machines leverage second-order…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2022-12-08 Connor Bybee , Denis Kleyko , Dmitri E. Nikonov , Amir Khosrowshahi , Bruno A. Olshausen , Friedrich T. Sommer

Annealing machines specialized for combinatorial optimization problems have been developed, and some companies offer services to use those machines. Such specialized machines can only handle binary variables, and their input format is the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-03-24 Yuki Furue , Makiko Konoshima , Hirotaka Tamura , Jun Ohkubo

The Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) model has gained prominence in recent years with the discovery that it unifies a rich variety of combinatorial optimization problems. By its association with the Ising problem in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Fred Glover , Gary Kochenberger , Yu Du

Several combinatorial optimization problems can be solved with NISQ devices once that a corresponding quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) form is derived. The aim of this work is to drastically reduce the variables needed for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Dario De Santis , Salvatore Tirone , Stefano Marmi , Vittorio Giovannetti

We present a heuristic algorithm designed to solve Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) problems efficiently. The algorithm, referred to as IC-D2S, leverages a hybrid approach using Ising and classical machines to address very…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Armin Abdollahi , Mehdi Kamal , Massoud Pedram

Quantum computing provides powerful algorithmic tools that have been shown to outperform established classical solvers in specific optimization tasks. A core step in solving optimization problems with known quantum algorithms such as the…

The spatial photonic Ising machine (SPIM) is a promising optical hardware solver for large-scale combinatorial optimization problems with dense interactions. As the SPIM can represent Ising problems with rank-one coupling matrices,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2026-02-03 Hiroshi Yamashita , Hideyuki Suzuki

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a standard NP-hard optimization problem. Recently, it has gained renewed interest through quantum computing, as QUBOs directly reduce to the Ising model, on which quantum annealing…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-16 Katalin Friedl , Levente Gegő , László Kabódi , Viktória Nemkin

Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO) is a broad class of optimization problems with many practical applications. To solve its hard instances in an exact way, known classical algorithms require exponential time and several…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-21 Gian Giacomo Guerreschi

This study proposes a novel method for simplifying inequality constraints in Higher-Order Binary Optimization (HOBO) formulations. The proposed method addresses challenges associated with Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimization (QUBO)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Yuichiro Minato

The quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) problem arises in diverse optimization applications ranging from Ising spin problems to classical problems in graph theory and binary discrete optimization. The use of preprocessing to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-29 Fred Glover , Mark Lewis , Gary Kochenberger
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