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Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signals are subject to different kinds of events causing significant errors in positioning. This work explores the application of Machine Learning (ML) methods of anomaly detection applied to GNSS…
Surface defect inspection is a very challenging task in which surface defects usually show weak appearances or exist under complex backgrounds. Most high-accuracy defect detection methods require expensive computation and storage overhead,…
Contrastive learning has gained widespread adoption for retrieval tasks due to its minimal requirement for manual annotations. However, popular training frameworks typically learn from binary (positive/negative) relevance, making them…
The objective of this paper is to evaluate the potential of Gaofen-2 (GF-2) high resolution multispectral sensor (MS) and panchromatic (PAN) imagery on water mapping. Difficulties of water mapping on high resolution data includes: 1)…
A novel hybrid Random Forest and Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) framework is presented for oil-water classification in hyperspectral images (HSI). To address the challenge of preserving spatial context, the images were divided into…
Graph Contrastive Learning (GCL) has proven highly effective in promoting the performance of Semi-Supervised Node Classification (SSNC). However, existing GCL methods are generally transferred from other fields like CV or NLP, whose…
Waterways shape earth system processes and human societies, and a better understanding of their distribution can assist in a range of applications from earth system modeling to human development and disaster response. Most efforts to date…
Soil moisture (SM) estimation from active microwave data remains challenging due to the complex interactions between radar backscatter and surface characteristics. While the water cloud model (WCM) provides a semi-physical approach for…
We propose a novel clustering approach for point-cloud segmentation based on supervised contrastive metric learning (CML). Rather than predicting cluster assignments or object-centric variables, the method learns a latent representation in…
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading worldwide cause of cancer-related mortality, and the role of prompt precise detection is of paramount interest in improving patient outcomes. Conventional diagnostic methods such as colonoscopy and…
We present a machine learning framework for testing general relativity (GR) with gravitational wave signals from binary black hole mergers. Using the source parameters of 173 BBH events from the GWTC catalog as a realistic astrophysical…
Deep convolutional neural networks provide a powerful feature learning capability for image classification. The deep image features can be utilized to deal with many image understanding tasks like image classification and object…
The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellite and its successor GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) provide valuable and accurate observations of terrestrial water storage anomalies (TWSAs) at a global scale. However, there is an…
We develop a deep learning based convolutional-regression model that estimates the volumetric soil moisture content in the top ~5 cm of soil. Input predictors include Sentinel-1 (active radar), Sentinel-2 (optical imagery), and SMAP…
This study was groundbreaking in its application of neural network models for nitrate management in the Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS). A hybrid neural network model was proposed, which accurately predicted daily nitrate…
Future large-scale surveys with high resolution imaging will provide us with a few $10^5$ new strong galaxy-scale lenses. These strong lensing systems however will be contained in large data amounts which are beyond the capacity of human…
Ensuring that large language models (LLMs) remain both helpful and harmless poses a significant challenge: fine-tuning on repetitive safety datasets, where unsafe prompts are paired with standard refusal templates, often leads to false…
Effective spatio-temporal measurements of water surface elevation (water waves) in laboratory experiments are crucial for scientific and engineering research. Existing techniques are often cumbersome, computationally heavy and generally…
Deep learning approaches have been widely used in Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) and they have achieved a significant accuracy improvement. Especially, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have been revisited in ASR recently. However,…
This paper introduces warped Gaussian processes (WGP) regression in remote sensing applications. WGP models output observations as a parametric nonlinear transformation of a GP. The parameters of such prior model are then learned via…