English
Related papers

Related papers: Test-Time Tuned Language Models Enable End-to-end …

200 papers

Mass spectrometry plays a fundamental role in elucidating the structures of unknown molecules and subsequent scientific discoveries. One formulation of the structure elucidation task is the conditional de novo generation of molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Montgomery Bohde , Mrunali Manjrekar , Runzhong Wang , Shuiwang Ji , Connor W. Coley

One of the central challenges in the computational analysis of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) data is to identify the compounds underlying the output spectra. In recent years, this problem is increasingly tackled…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Gaetan De Waele , Marek Wydmuch , Krzysztof Dembczyński , Wojciech Kotłowski , Willem Waegeman

Designing de-novo molecules with desired property profiles requires efficient exploration of the vast chemical space ranging from $10^{23}$ to $10^{60}$ possible synthesizable candidates. While various deep generative models have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Kamran Chitsaz , Roshan Balaji , Quentin Fournier , Nirav Pravinbhai Bhatt , Sarath Chandar

The analysis of physiological processes over time are often given by spectrometric or gene expression profiles over time with only few time points but a large number of measured variables. The analysis of such temporal sequences is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2011-10-12 F. -M. Schleif , A. Gisbrecht , B. Hammer

Structure-based molecular ML (SBML) models can be highly sensitive to input geometries and give predictions with large variance. We present an approach to mitigate the challenge of selecting conformations for such models by generating…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Michael Maser , Natasa Tagasovska , Jae Hyeon Lee , Andrew Watkins

Retrieving molecular structures from tandem mass spectra is a crucial step in rapid compound identification. Existing retrieval methods, such as traditional mass spectral library matching, suffer from limited spectral library coverage,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Yiwen Zhang , Keyan Ding , Yihang Wu , Xiang Zhuang , Yi Yang , Qiang Zhang , Huajun Chen

Foundation models are now increasingly being developed for Earth observation (EO), yet they often rely on stochastic masking that do not explicitly enforce physics constraints; a critical trustworthiness limitation, in particular for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Syed Usama Imtiaz , Mitra Nasr Azadani , Nasrin Alamdari

Diffusion models are the go-to method for Text-to-Image generation, but their iterative denoising processes has high inference latency. Quantization reduces compute time by using lower bitwidths, but applies a fixed precision across all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Basile Lewandowski , Simon Kurz , Aditya Shankar , Robert Birke , Jian-Jia Chen , Lydia Y. Chen

Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in natural language-driven molecule discovery. However, existing datasets and benchmarks for molecule-text alignment are predominantly built on one-to-one mappings,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Jiatong Li , Junxian Li , Weida Wang , Yunqing Liu , Changmeng Zheng , Yatao Bian , Dongzhan Zhou , Xiao-yong Wei , Qing Li

While various models and computational tools have been proposed for structure and property analysis of molecules, generating molecules that conform to all desired structures and properties remains a challenge. Here, we introduce a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Peng Zhou , Jianmin Wang , Chunyan Li , Zixu Wang , Yiping Liu , Siqi Sun , Jianxin Lin , Leyi Wei , Xibao Cai , Houtim Lai , Wei Liu , Longyue Wang , Yuansheng Liu , Xiangxiang Zeng

Learning token embeddings based on token co-occurrence statistics has proven effective for both pre-training and fine-tuning in natural language processing. However, recent studies have pointed out that the distribution of learned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-17 Ying Zhang , Dongyuan Li , Manabu Okumura

We introduce Similarity-Distance-Magnitude (SDM) language models (LMs), which are sequence prediction models fine-tuned to maximize the proportion of generations in the well-calibrated, high-probability region partitioned by a final-layer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Allen Schmaltz

Molecular mechanics (MM) potentials have long been a workhorse of computational chemistry. Leveraging accuracy and speed, these functional forms find use in a wide variety of applications in biomolecular modeling and drug discovery, from…

We introduce a scheme for molecular simulations, the Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics (DeePMD) method, based on a many-body potential and interatomic forces generated by a carefully crafted deep neural network trained with ab initio data.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2018-04-11 Linfeng Zhang , Jiequn Han , Han Wang , Roberto Car , Weinan E

We introduce PMODE (Partitioned Mixture Of Density Estimators), a general and modular framework for mixture modeling with both parametric and nonparametric components. PMODE builds mixtures by partitioning the data and fitting separate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Robert A. Vandermeulen

Statistical Shape Modeling (SSM) effectively analyzes anatomical variations within populations but is limited by the need for manual localization and segmentation, which relies on scarce medical expertise. Recent advances in deep learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Janmesh Ukey , Tushar Kataria , Shireen Y. Elhabian

Recent advances in language models opened new opportunities to address complex schema matching tasks. Schema matching approaches have been proposed that demonstrate the usefulness of language models, but they have also uncovered important…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-06-18 Yurong Liu , Eduardo Pena , Aecio Santos , Eden Wu , Juliana Freire

Differentiating true tumor progression (TP) from treatment-related pseudoprogression (PsP) in glioblastoma remains challenging, especially at early follow-up. We present the first stage-specific, cross-sectional benchmarking of deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Wenhao Guo , Golrokh Mirzaei

Masked diffusion models (MDMs) have shown promise in language modeling, yet their scalability and effectiveness in core language tasks, such as text generation and language understanding, remain underexplored. This paper establishes the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-03-03 Shen Nie , Fengqi Zhu , Chao Du , Tianyu Pang , Qian Liu , Guangtao Zeng , Min Lin , Chongxuan Li

Proteins perform nearly all cellular functions and constitute most drug targets, making their analysis fundamental to understanding human biology in health and disease. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS$^2$) is the major analytical technique in…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-09-01 Hao Xu , Zhichao Wang , Shengqi Sang , Pisit Wajanasara , Nuno Bandeira